Transmission, Distribution & Storage

Hydrogen is a notoriously difficult substance to store yet has endless energy applications. Thus the study of long-term hydrogen storage and high-pressure bulk hydrogen storage have been the subject of much research in the last several years. To create a research path forward it is important to know what research has already been done and what is already known about hydrogen storage. In this review several approaches to hydrogen storage are a Read More

Clean energy and fuel storage is often required for both stationary and automotive applications. Some of the clean energy and fuel storage technologies currently under extensive research and development are hydrogen storage direct electric storage mechanical energy storage solar-thermal energy storage electrochemical (batteries and supercapacitors) and thermochemical storage. The gravimetric and volumetric storage capacity energy storage de Read More

Hydrogen has a very diverse chemistry and reacts with most other elements to form compounds which have fascinating structures compositions and properties. Complex metal hydrides are a rapidly expanding class of materials approaching multi-functionality in particular within the energy storage field. This review illustrates that complex metal hydrides may store hydrogen in the solid state act as novel battery materials both as electrolytes and el Read More

Underground hydrogen storage in geological structures is considered appropriate for storing large amounts of hydrogen. Using the geological Konary structure in the deep saline aquifers an analysis of the influence of depth on hydrogen storage was carried out. Hydrogen injection and withdrawal modeling was performed using TOUGH2 software assuming different structure depths. Changes in the relevant parameters for the operation of an undergr Read More

Ductile cast iron (DCI) is one of prospective materials used for the hydrogen equipment because of low-cost good workability and formability. The wide range of mechanical properties of DCI is obtained by controlling microstructural factors such as graphite size volume fraction of graphite matrix structure and so on. Therefore it is important to find out an optimal microstructural condition that is less susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement. In this study the ef Read More

The presented work is dedicated to evaluation of strain and fatigue behaviour of the ferrite-pearlite low-alloyed pipeline steels under known hydrogen concentration in a bulk of metal. Tensile test results have shown on the existence of some characteristic value of the hydrogen concentration CH at which the mechanism of hydrogen influence changes namely: below this value the enhanced plasticity (decreasing of the yield stress value) takes place and Read More

Hydrogen embrittlement is one of the largest obstacles against the commercialisation of ultra-high strength quenching and partitioning (Q&P) steels with ultimate tensile strength over 1500 MPa including the hot stamped steel parts that have undergone a Q&P treatment. In this work the influence of partitioning temperature on hydrogen embrittlement of ultra-high strength Q&P steels is studied by pre-charged tensile tests with both dog-bone and notched Read More

In this paper we analyze the potential factors affecting the hydrogen sulfide type of stress corrosion cracking in C110 casing pipes. In order to further study these cracking factors the methods of material property testing scanning electron microscopy XRD TEM and 3D ultra-depth-of-field were applied in the experiments. Besides that an HTHP autoclave was independently designed by the laboratory to simulate the actual corrosion environment and the Read More

Integrity of natural gas transmission systems is of great importance for energy and environmental security. Deterioration occurs in gas transit pipelines due to operational conditions and action of corrosion and hydrogenating media and leads to changes in microstructure and mechanical properties of pipeline steels which influences on pipeline performance. Hydrogenation of metal during corrosion process together with working stresses facilitates a dev Read More

The large-scale storage of hydrogen plays a fundamental role in a potential future hydrogen economy. Although the storage of gaseous hydrogen in salt caverns already is used on a full industrial scale the approach is not applicable in all regions due to varying geological conditions. Therefore other storage methods are necessary. In this article options for the large-scale storage of hydrogen are reviewed and compared based on fundamental thermod Read More