Safety

Hydrogen clean efficient and zero-carbon is seen as a most promising energy source. The use of existing gas pipelines for hydrogenenatural gas transportation is considered to be an effective way to achieve long-distance large-scale efficient and economical hydrogen transportation. However the pipelines for hydrogenenatural gas transportation contain lots of impurities (e.g. CH4 high-pressure H2 H2S and CO2) and free water which will ine Read More

This work is part of the MULTHYFUEL E.U. research program [1] aiming at enabling the implementation of hydrogen dispersers in refuelling stations. One important challenge is the severity of accidents due to a leakage of hydrogen from a dispenser in the forecourt. The work presented in this paper deals with the quantification of the leakage scenarios in terms of frequencies and severities. The risk analysis exercise although performed by experts showe Read More

In the present study pilot simulations of the phenomena of blast wave and fireball generated by the rupture of a high-pressure (35 MPa) hydrogen tank (volume 72 L) due to fire were carried out. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model includes the realizable k-ε model for turbulence and the eddy dissipation model coupled with the one-step chemical reaction mechanism for combustion. The simulation results were compared with experimen Read More

Efforts to create a sustainable hydrogen economy are gaining momentum as governments all over the world are investing in hydrogen production storage distribution and delivery technologies to develop a hydrogen infrastructure. This involves transporting hydrogen in gaseous or liquid form or using carrier gases such as methane ammonia or mixtures of methane and hydrogen. Hydrogen is a colorless odorless gas and can easily leak into the atmosp Read More

Combustion of hydrogen-enriched natural gas is a valuable short-term strategy for reducing CO2 emissions from high temperature industrial heating. This paper presents several experiments on combustion characteristics and the formation of nitrogen oxides. The experiments included hydrogen contents up to 100% and fuel heat inputs up to 75 kW. Water-cooled lances were used to influence the furnace temperature. The analysis includes the distributio Read More

Hydrogen is promoted as an alternative energy given the global energy shortage and environmental pollution. A scientific basiscan be provided for the safe use and emergency treatment of hydrogen based on hydrogen leakage and combustion behavior.This study examined the stagnation parameters of dynamic hydrogen leakage and flame propagation in turbulent jets undernormal temperatures and high pressure. Based on van der Waals’ equation of stat Read More

Hydrogen is a key pillar in the global Net Zero strategy. Rapid scaling up of hydrogen production transport distribution and utilization is expected. This entails that hydrogen which is traditionally an industrial gas will come into proximity of populated urban areas and in some situations handled by the untrained public. To realize all their benefits hydrogen and its technologies must be safely developed and deployed. The specific properties of hydrogen invol Read More

Social risk is a comprehensive concept that considers not only internal/external physical risks but also risks (which are multiple varied and diverse) associated with social activity. It should be considered from diverse perspectives and requires a comprehensive evaluation framework that takes into account the synergistic impact of each element on others rather than evaluating each risk individually. Social risk assessment is an approach that is not limited Read More

Following the growing use of hydrogen in the industry gas explosions have become a critical safety issue. Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) and in particular the Large Eddy Simulation (LES) approach have already shown their great potential to reproduce such scenarios with high fidelity. However the computational cost of this approach is an obvious limiting factor since fine grid resolutions are often required in the whole computational domain to ensure a cor Read More

The use of liquid hydrogen in maritime applications is expected to grow in the coming years in order to meet the decarbonisation goals that EU countries and countries worldwide have set for 2050. In this context The Norwegian Public Roads Administration commissioned large-scale LH2 dispersion and explosion experiments both indoors and outdoors which were conducted by DNG GL in 2019 to better understand safety aspects of LH2 in the maritime sect Read More