Production & Supply Chain
Towards Water-conscious Green Hydrogen and Methanol: A Techno-economic Review
Jan 2025
Publication
To enable a sustainable and socially accepted hydrogen and methanol economy it is crucial to prioritize green and water-conscious production. In this review we reveal that there is a significant research gap regarding comprehensive assessments of such production methods. We present an innovative process chain consisting of adsorption-based direct air capture solid oxide electrolysis and methanol synthesis to address this issue. To allow future compr Read More
Long-term Integrated Assessment of the Water, GHG, and Cost Impacts of a Transition to Low-carbon Hydrogen Production: A Case Study for Canada
Jan 2025
Publication
Hydrogen-based greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation strategies can have multi-sector benefits and are considered necessary to reach net-zero emissions by 2050. Assessments of hydrogen scale-up have not included long-term implications for water resources. This work aims to fill this knowledge gap through a long-term integrated assessment of the water consumption GHG emissions and costs of conventional and low-carbon hydrogen scenarios to the y Read More
A Holistic Green System Coupling Hydrogen Production with Wastewater Valorisation
May 2022
Publication
Green hydrogen represents a critical underpinning technology for achievingcarbon neutrality. Although researchers often fixate on its energy inputs atruly ‘green’ hydrogen production process would also be sustainable in termsof water and materials inputs. To address this holistic challenge we demon-strate a new green hydrogen production system which can utilize secondarywastewater as the input (preserving scarce fresh water supplies for drinkingan Read More
Municipal Wastewater Reclamation: Reclaimed Water for Hydrogen Production by Electrolysis - A Case Study
Apr 2023
Publication
This paper presents an analysis of a treatment system selection for municipal wastewater stream based on the DuPont Water Solutions WAVE software. The results obtained based on an analysis of 7 different processing cases studies (ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis) confirmed that the application of 2-pass membrane systems enables the reclamation of water from municipal wastewater that fulfills the requirements concerning the quality of water int Read More
Acidification-based Direct Electrolysis of Treated Wastewater for Hydrogen Production and Water Reuse
Oct 2023
Publication
This report describes the direct electrolysis of treated wastewater (as a catholyte) to produce hydrogen and potentially reuse the water. To suppress the negative shift of the cathodic potential due to an increase in pH by the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) the treated wastewater is acidified using the synergetic effect of protons generated from the bipolar membrane and inor ganic precipitation occurred at the surface of the cathode during the Read More
Two-Stage Anaerobic Digestion for Green Energy Production: A Review
Jan 2025
Publication
Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a biotechnological process in which the microorganisms degrade complex organic matter to simpler components under anaerobic conditions to produce biogas and fertilizer. This process has many environmental benefits such as green energy production organic waste treatment environmental protection and greenhouse gas emissions reduction. It has long been known that the two main species (acidogenic bacteria and m Read More
Advancements in Green Hydrogen Recovery from Industrial Wastewater: A Comprehensive Review
Dec 2024
Publication
Green hydrogen (GH2) a sustainable and clean energy carrier is increasingly regarded as a solution to energy challenges and environmental issues. Industrial wastewater possesses a significant potential for hydrogen generation using biological chemical and electrochemical methods. This review analysis evaluates progress in GH2 production from industrial wastewater highlighting its environmental and cost benefits. Process optimization technological improv Read More
Synergizing Water Desalination and Hydrogen Production using Solar Stills with Novel Sensible Heat Storage and an Alkaline Electrolyzer
Dec 2024
Publication
This study tested a cogeneration (desalination/hydrogen production) system with natural and black sand as sensible heat storage considering the thermal efficiencies environmental impact water quality cost aspects and hydrogen generation rate. The black sand-modified distiller attained the highest water production of 4645 mL more than the conventional distiller by 1595 mL. It also offered better energy and exergy efficiencies of 45.26% and 3.72% Read More
Alkaline Electrolysis for Green Hydrogen Production: A Novel, Simple Model for Thermo-electrochemical Coupled System Analysis
Dec 2024
Publication
Alkaline water electrolysis (AWE) is the most mature electrochemical technology for hydrogen production from renewable electricity. Thus its mathematical modeling is an important tool to provide new perspectives for the design and optimization of energy storage and decarbonization systems. However current models rely on numerous empirical parameters and neglect variations of temperature and concentration alongside the electrolysis cell which can Read More
Origin and Evolution of Hydrogen-rich Gas Discharges from a Hot Spring in the Eastern Coastal Area of China
Jan 2020
Publication
Unlike the typical low-temperature (< 150 °C) continental geothermal systems usually characterized by high N2 CH4 and CO2 concentrations but a trace H2 concentration the sandstone-dominated Jimo hot spring on China's eastern coast exhibits: (1) abnormally high H2 concentrations (2.4–12.5 vol%) and H2/CH4 (up to 46.5); (2) depleted δD-H2 (−822 to −709‰) comparable to the Kansas hot springs near the Mid-Continent rift system with the most deplete Read More
Brief Review of Hydrocarbon-reforming Catalysts Map for Hydrogen Production
Jun 2023
Publication
Hydrogen energy the cleanest fuel presents extensive applications in renewable energy technologies such as fuel cells. However the transition process from carbon-based (fossil fuel) energy to desired hydrogen energy is usually hindered by inevitable scientific technological and economic obstacles which mainly involves complex hydrocarbon reforming reactions. Hence this paper provides a systematic and comprehensive analysis focusing on the hydrocar Read More
An Advanced Design to Generate Power and Hydrogen with CO2 Capturing and Storage for Cleaner Applications
Nov 2024
Publication
The present study aims to conduct a thermodynamic analysis of a novel concept that synergistically integrates clean hydrogen and power production with a liquified natural gas (LNG) regasification system. The designed integrated energy system aims to achieve hydrogen production power production liquified natural gas regasification carbon capture storage and in situ recirculation. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from industrial waste streams is used as a majo Read More
Techno-economic Analysis of Green Hydrogen Production and Electric Vehicle Charging Using Redundant Energy on a Solar Photovoltaic Mini-grid
Nov 2024
Publication
The trajectory of the world’s energy use has moved towards the use of renewable energy to increase energy access. Solar energy’s pace of growth as a result of its low cost has resulted in it being used to generate electricity for areas that do not have access to grid electricity. Thus solar photovoltaic mini-grid systems have been deployed in several areas. Over time it has been found that these systems generate a significant amount of redundant energy Read More
Hydrogen from Wastewater by Photocatalytic and Photoelectrochemical Treatment
Dec 2020
Publication
In recent years the intensification of human activities has led to an increase in waste production and energy demand. The treatment of pollutants contained in wastewater coupled to energy recovery is an attractive solution to simultaneously reduce environmental pollution and provide alternative energy sources. Hydrogen represents a clean energy carrier for the transition to a decarbonized society. Hydrogen can be generated by photosynthetic water split Read More
Techno-Economic Assessment of Biogas-to-Methanol Processes Coupled with Low-Carbon H2 Production Technologies
Jan 2025
Publication
In order to realize carbon mitigation and the efficient utilization of waste biogas the biogas-to-methanol process is an important method. The syngas produced by the conventional biogas reforming technology is rich in CO2 and CO whereas it is poor in hydrogen. Therefore additional H2 is introduced into the system to adjusted the syngas ratio promoting the efficient conversion of the biogas. However the use of traditional H2 production technologie Read More
Internal Model Control for Onboard Methanol-Reforming Hydrogen Production Systems
Jan 2025
Publication
Methanol reforming is considered to be one of the most promising hydrogen production technologies for hydrogen fuel cells. It is expected to solve the problem of hydrogen storage and transportation because of its high hydrogen production rate low cost and good safety. However the strong nonlinearity and slow response of the pressure and temperature subsystems pose challenges to the tracking control of the methanol reforming hydrogen producti Read More
Steam Reforming for Winery Wastewater Treatment: Hydrogen Production and Energy Self-sufficiency Assessment
Jan 2025
Publication
A thermodynamic assessment using Gibbs free energy minimization to explore the potential of winery wastewater steam reforming (WWWSR) as a technique to treat water while simultaneously producing renewable hydrogen was conducted for the first time. This assessment focused on four types of reactors: a conventional reactor (CR) a sorption-enhanced reactor (SER) with CO2 capture a membrane reactor (MR) with H2 removal and a sorption-enhanc Read More
A Moving Window Method for Time Series Optimisation, with Applications to Energy Storage and Hydrogen Production
Jan 2025
Publication
Temporal decomposition methods aim to solve optimisation problems by converting one problem over a large time series into a series of subproblems over shorter time series. This paper introduces one such method where subproblems are defined over a window that moves back and forth repeatedly over the length of the large time series creating a convergent sequence of solutions and mitigating some of the boundary considerations prevalent in other Read More
Green Hydrogen Potential Assessment in Ghana: Application of PEM Electrolysis Process and Geospatial-multi-criteria Approach
Sep 2023
Publication
With green hydrogen gaining traction as a viable sustainable energyoption the present study explores the potential of producing greenhydrogen from wind and solar energy in Ghana. The study combinedthe use of geospatial multi-criteria approach and PEM electrolysisprocess to estimate the geographical and technical potential of theselected two renewable resources. The study also included anassessment of potential areas for grid integration. Technolo Read More
Methane Pyrolysis for Zero-Emission Hydrogen Production: A Potential Bridge Technology from Fossil Fuels to a Renewable and Sustainable Hydrogen Economy
Aug 2021
Publication
Hydrogen plays a key role in many industrial applications and is currently seen as one of the most promising energy vectors. Many efforts are being made to produce hydrogen with zero CO 2 footprint via water electrolysis powered by renewable energies. Nevertheless the use of fossil fuels is essentialin the short term. The conventional coal gasification and steam methane reforming processes for hydrogen production are undesirable due to the huge CO2 e Read More
New Perspectives on Catalytic Hydrogen Production by the Reforming, Partial Oxidation and Decomposition of Methane and Biogas
Sep 2023
Publication
The article provides a short review on catalyst-based processes for the production of hydrogen starting from methane both of fossil origin and from sustainable processes. The three main paths of steam- and dry-reforming partial oxidation and thermo-catalytic decomposition are briefly introduced and compared above all with reference to the latest publications available and to new catalysts which obey the criteria of lower environmental impact Read More
Hydrogen Purity: Influence of Production Methods, Purification Techniques, and Analytical Approaches
Feb 2025
Publication
Hydrogen purity plays a crucial role in the expanding hydrogen economy particularly in applications such as fuel cells and industrial processes. This review investigates the relationship between hydrogen production methods and resulting purity levels emphasizing the differences between reforming electrolysis and biomass-based techniques. Furthermore it explores state-of-the-art purification technologies including pressure swing adsorption (PSA) memb Read More
Enhancing Hydrogen Production from Chlorella sp. Biomass by Pre-Hydrolysis with Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (PSSF)
Mar 2019
Publication
Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) and pre-hydrolysis with SSF (PSSF) were used to produce hydrogen from the biomass of Chlorella sp. SSF was conducted using an enzyme mixture consisting of 80 filter paper unit (FPU) g-biomass−1 of cellulase 92 U g-biomass−1 of amylase and 120 U g-biomass−1 of glucoamylase at 35 ◦C for 108 h. This yielded 170 mL-H2 g-volatile-solids−1 (VS) with a productivity of 1.6 mL-H2 g-VS−1 h −1 . Pre Read More
Production of Green Hydrogen from Sewage Sludge/Algae in Agriculture Diesel Engine: Performance Evaluation
Jan 2024
Publication
Alternative fuel opportunities can satisfy energy security and reduce carbon emissions. In this regard the hydrogen fuel is derived from the source of environmental pollutants like sewage and algae wastewater through hydrothermal gasification technique using a KOH catalyst with varied gasification process parameters of duration and temperature of 6–30 min and 500-800 ◦C. The novelty of the work is to identify the optimum gasification proc Read More
Photo(electro)catalytic Water Splitting for Hydrogen Production: Mechanism, Design, Optimization, and Economy
Jan 2025
Publication
As an energy carrier characterized by its high energy density and eco-friendliness hydrogen holds a pivotal position in energy transition. This paper elaborates on the scientific foundations and recent progress of photo- and electro-catalytic water splitting including the corresponding mechanism material design and optimization and the economy of hydrogen production. It systematically reviews the research progress in photo(electro)catalytic mate Read More
Functionalization of Nanomaterials for Energy Storage and Hydrogen Production Applications
Feb 2025
Publication
This review article provides a comprehensive overview of the pivotal role that nanomaterials particularly graphene and its derivatives play in advancing hydrogen energy technologies with a focus on storage production and transport. As the quest for sustainable energy solutions intensifies the use of nanoscale materials to store hydrogen in solid form emerges as a promising strategy toward mitigate challenges related to traditional storage methods. We Read More
Membrane-Based Hydrogen Production: A Techno-Economic Evaluation of Cost and Feasibility
Feb 2025
Publication
As the global shift toward a low-carbon economy accelerates hydrogen is emerging as a crucial energy source. Among conventional methods for hydrogen production steam methane reforming (SMR) commonly paired with pressure swing adsorption (PSA) for hydrogen purification stands out due to its established infrastructure and technological maturity. This comprehensive techno-economic analysis focuses on membrane-based hydrogen prod Read More
Advances in Catalysts for Hydrogen Production: A Comprehensive Review of Materials and Mechanisms
Feb 2025
Publication
This review explores the recent advancements in catalyst technology for hydrogen production emphasizing the role of catalysts in efficient and sustainable hydrogen generation. This involves a comprehensive analysis of various catalyst materials including noble metals transition metals carbon-based nanomaterials and metal–organic frameworks along with their mechanisms and performance outcomes. Major findings reveal that while noble m Read More
Predicting Hydrogen Production from Formic Acid Dehydrogenation Using Smart Connectionist Models
Feb 2025
Publication
Hydrogen is a promising clean energy source that can be a promising alternative to fossil fuels without toxic emissions. It can be generated from formic acid (FA) through an FA dehydrogenation reaction using an active catalyst. Activated carbon-supported palladium (Pd/C) catalyst has superior activity properties for FA dehydrogenation and can be reused after deactivation. This study focuses on predicting the FA conversion to H2 (%) in the presence of Pd/C Read More
Techno-economic Analysis of Hydrogen Production in the Sugarcane Industry by Steam Reforming of Ethanol with Carbon Capture
Feb 2025
Publication
Renewable hydrogen production is a pivotal technology in transitioning to sustainable energy and is essential for global decarbonisation efforts. This study explores the integration of hydrogen production into sugarcane bio refineries which have shifted from traditional sugar production to integrated bioenergy hubs. Specifically steam reforming of ethanol was selected as the process for hydrogen generation. A comprehensive techno-economic analysis w Read More
Dynamic Simulation Optimization of the Hydrogen Liquefaction Process
Jan 2025
Publication
Liquid hydrogen has attracted much attention due to its high energy storage density and suitability for long-distance transportation. An efficient hydrogen liquefaction process is the key to obtaining liquid hydrogen. In an effort to determine the parameter optimization of the hydrogen liquefaction process this paper employed process simulation software Aspen HYSYS to simulate the hydrogen liquefaction process. By establishing a dynamic model of the Read More
Agrivoltaics, Opportunities for Hydrogen Generation, and Market Developments
Feb 2025
Publication
To achieve deep decarbonization renewable energy generation must be substantially increased. The technologies with the lowest levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) are land-based photovoltaics (PVs) and wind energy. Agri-PVs offer the potential for dual land use combining energy generation with agricultural activities. However the costs of agri-PVs are higher than those of ground-mounted PV. To enhance the competitiveness of agri-PV we investigate t Read More
Economic Feasibility of Hydrogen Generation Using HTR-PM Technology in Saudi Arabia
Feb 2025
Publication
The global push for clean hydrogen production has identified nuclear energy particularly high-temperature gas-cooled reactors (HTGRs) as a promising solution due to their ability to provide high-temperature heat. This study conducted a techno-economic analysis of hydrogen production in Saudi Arabia using the pebble bed modular reactor (HTRPM) focusing on two methods: high-temperature steam electrolysis (HTSE) and the sulfur– iodine (SI) thermo Read More
Off-Design Analysis of Power-to-Gas System Based on Solid-Oxide Electrolysis with Nominal Power of 25 kW
Mar 2025
Publication
The deployment of large installed power capacities from intermittent renewable energy sources requires balancing to ensure the steady and safe operation of the electrical grid. New methods of energy storage are essential to store excess electrical power when energy is not needed and later use it during high-demand periods both in the short and long term. Power-to-Gas (P2G) is an energy storage solution that uses electric power produced from renew Read More
Analysis of the Sugarcane Biomass Use to Produce Green Hydrogen: Brazilian Case Study
Feb 2025
Publication
Conventional hydrogen production processes which often involve fossil raw materials emit significant amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. This study critically evaluates the feasibility of using sugarcane biomass as an energy source to produce green hydrogen. In the 2023/2024 harvest Brazil the world’s largest sugarcane producer processed approximately 713.2 million metric tons of sugarcane. This yielded 45.68 million metric tons of sug Read More
Feasibility Analysis of Green Hydrogen Production from Oceanic Energy
Sep 2023
Publication
Oceanic energy such as offshore wind energy and various marine energy sources holds signifi cant potential for generating green hydrogen through water electrolysis. Offshore-generated hydrogen has the potential to be transported through standard pipelines and stored in diverse forms. This aids in mitigating the variability of renewable energy sources in power generation and consequently holds the capacity to reshape the framework of electrical syste Read More
Advancing the Hydrogen Production Economy: A Comprehensive Review of Technologies, Sustainability, and Future Prospects
Jun 2024
Publication
The transition to a hydrogen-based economy presents a promising solution to the challenges posed by unsus tainable energy systems and reliance on fossil fuels. This comprehensive review explores various hydrogen production methods emphasizing their technological advancements sustainability implications and future prospects. Beginning with an overview of hydrogen’s significance as a clean energy carrier the review examines key production metho Read More
Biohydrogen Production: Strategies to Improve Process Efficiency through Microbial Routes
Apr 2015
Publication
The current fossil fuel-based generation of energy has led to large-scale industrial development. However the reliance on fossil fuels leads to the significant depletion of natural resources of buried combustible geologic deposits and to negative effects on the global climate with emissions of greenhouse gases. Accordingly enormous efforts are directed to transition from fossil fuels to nonpolluting and renewable energy sources. One potential alternative i Read More
Economic Viability and Environmental Efficiency Analysis of Hydrogen Production Processes for the Decarbonization of Energy Systems
Aug 2019
Publication
The widespread penetration of hydrogen in mainstream energy systems requires hydrogen production processes to be economically competent and environmentally efficient. Hydrogen if produced efficiently can play a pivotal role in decarbonizing the global energy systems. Therefore this study develops a framework which evaluates hydrogen production processes and quantifies deficiencies for improvement. The framework integrates slack-based d Read More
Conceptual Design of a Process for Hydrogen Production from Waste Biomass and its Storage in form of Liquid Ammonia
Feb 2023
Publication
In this work we present the simulation of a plant for the exploitation of renewable hydrogen (e.g. from biomass gasification) with production of renewable ammonia as hydrogen vector and energy storage medium. The simulation and sizing of all unit operations were performed with Aspen Plus® as software. Vegetable waste biomass is used as raw material for hydrogen production more specifically pine sawdust.The hydrogen production process is bas Read More
Competitiveness of Green and Yellow Hydrogen: A Project-level Analysis
Feb 2025
Publication
With the growing global focus on hydrogen as a key solution for achieving decarbonization understanding the most cost-effective and environmentally sustainable production methods is crucial. The objective of this study is to evaluate the economic and environmental performance of different renewable energy sources for hydrogen production while also considering the impact of geographic location system sizing and technological efficiency. This s Read More
Synergistic Sizing and Energy Management Strategy of Combined Offshore Wind with Solar Floating PV System for Green Hydrogen and Electricity Co-Production Using Multi-Objective Dung Beetle Optimization
Feb 2025
Publication
This study comprehensively analyzes an integrated renewable energy system complementing offshore wind turbines (OWT) and floating solar photovoltaic (FPV) technology designed for producing electric power and green hydrogen. The research explores the technical feasibility techno-economic performance and optimal sizing of the system components. The system integrates OWT farms FPV arrays water electrolyzer and hydrogen storage tank to mini Read More
Cleaner Energy Solutions using Wind Energy and Hydrogen Production in Agriculture
Feb 2025
Publication
This study evaluates the integration of wind energy into greenhouse agriculture in the Safi region a major agricultural area in Morocco. As part of cleaner energy systems five wind turbines were analyzed to determine their performance. After performing a statistical analysis using the Weibull distribution with two parameters the results showed that the VESTAS V82- 0.9/1.65MW – 70m turbine was the most efficient. It achieved a capacity factor of 41.72 Read More
Dynamic Modelling of Methanol Steam Reforming to Hydrogen in a Packed Bed Reactor for Shipboard Fuel Cells
Feb 2025
Publication
Hydrogen economy is spreading across the maritime sector in response to increasingly stringent regulations for shipping emissions. The challenging on-board hydrogen logistics are often mitigated with hydrogen carriers such as methanol. Research on methanol reforming to hydrogen for fuel cell feed is conducted mostly in steady state overlooking dynamic reactor operation and its effects on the power production system. Forced reactor operations induce fl Read More
Thermo-economic Optimization of a Hybrid Solar-wind Energy System for the Production of Clean Hydrogen and Electricity
Feb 2025
Publication
With the increasing warming of the atmosphere and the growth of energy consumption in the world new methods and highly efficient energy systems take precedence over conventional methods. This study concentrates on the proposition and techno-economical investigation of a hybrid wind-solar energy system encompassing flat plate solar collector for the purpose of clean hydrogen and electricity generation. The proposed system is a combinatio Read More
Enhancing Hydrogen Gas Production in Electrolysis Cells with Ammonium Chloride and Solar PV Integration
Feb 2025
Publication
In this study the electrolysis of water by using ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) as an electrolyte was investigated for the production of hydrogen gas. The assembled electrochemical cell consists mainly of twenty-one stainless-steel electrodes and a direct current from a battery ammonium chloride solution. In the electrolysis process hydrogen and oxygen are developed at the same time and collected as a mixture to be used as a fuel. This study explores Read More
Applications of Renewable Energies in Low-Temperature Regions: A Scientometric Analysis of Recent Advancements and Future Research Directions
Feb 2025
Publication
This study presents a scientometric analysis of renewable energy applications in low-temperature regions focusing on green hydrogen production carbon storage and emerging trends. Using bibliometric tools such as RStudio and VOSviewer the research evaluates publication trends from 1988 to 2024 revealing an exponential growth in renewable energy studies post-2021 driven by global policies promoting carbon neutrality. Life cycle assessment (LCA) pl Read More
Designing a Photovoltaic–Wind Energy Mix with Energy Storage for Low-Emission Hydrogen Production
Feb 2025
Publication
In the introduction to this article a brief overview of the generated energy and the power produced by the photovoltaic systems with a peak power of 3 MWp and different tilt and orientation of the photovoltaic panels is given. The characteristics of the latest systems generating energy by wind turbines with a capacity of 3.45 MW are also presented. In the subsequent stages of the research the necessity of balancing the energy in power networks power Read More
Seawater Membrane Distillation Coupled with Alkaline Water Electrolysis for Hydrogen Production: Parameter Influence and Techno-Economic Analysis
Feb 2025
Publication
The production of green hydrogen requires renewable electricity and a supply of sustainable water. Due to global water scarcity using seawater to produce green hydrogen is particularly important in areas where freshwater resources are scarce. This study establishes a system model to simulate and optimize the integrated technology of seawater desalination by membrane distillation and hydrogen production by alkaline water electrolysis. Technical econo Read More
Climate Change Performance of Hydrogen Production based on Life Cycle Assessment
Dec 2023
Publication
Hydrogen has the potential to revolutionize how we power our lives from transportation to energy production. This study aims to compare the climate change impacts and the main factors affecting them for different categories of hydrogen production including grey hydrogen (SMR) blue hydrogen (SMR-CCS) turquoise hydrogen (TDM) and green hydrogen (PEM electrolysis). Grey hydrogen blue hydrogen and turquoise hydrogen which are derived from f Read More
Control Strategy for Hydrogen Production System using HTO-based Hybrid Electrolyzers
Feb 2025
Publication
Renewable energy-based water electrolysis for hydrogen production is an effective pathway to achieve green energy transition. However the intermittency and randomness of renewable energy pose numerous challenges to the safe and stable operation of hydrogen production systems with the wide power fluctuation adaptability and economic efficiency of electrolyzers being prominent issues. Hybrid electrolyzers combine the operational characterist Read More
Advancing Nickel-based Catalysts for Enhanced Hydrogen Production: Innovations in Electrolysis and Catalyst Design
Feb 2025
Publication
Nickel-based catalysts recognized for their cost-efficiency and availability play a critical role in advancing hydrogen production technologies. This study evaluates their optimization in water electrolysis to improve efficiency and system stability. Key findings highlight the enhancement of these catalysts with nickel-iron oxyhydroxide and nickel-molybdenum co-catalysts. Technological innovations such as Perovskite Solar Cells integration for solar-to-hydr Read More
Non-Renewable and Renewable Exergy Costs of Water Electrolysis in Hydrogen Production
Mar 2025
Publication
Hydrogen production via water electrolysis and renewable electricity is expected to play a pivotal role as an energy carrier in the energy transition. This fuel emerges as the most environmentally sustainable energy vector for non-electric applications and is devoid of CO2 emissions. However an electrolyzer´s infrastructure relies on scarce and energyintensive metals such as platinum palladium iridium (PGM) silicon rare earth elements and silver. Under Read More
A Multi-Optimization Method for Capacity Configuration of Hybrid Electrolyzer in a Stand-Alone Wind-Photovoltaic-Battery System
Mar 2025
Publication
The coupling of renewable energy sources with electrolyzers under standalone conditions significantly enhances the operational efficiency and improves the costeffectiveness of electrolyzers as a technologically viable and sustainable solution for green hydrogen production. To address the configuration optimization challenge in hybrid electrolyzer systems integrating alkaline water electrolysis (AWE) and proton exchange membrane electrolysis (P Read More
Hybrid CSP-PV Combination to Enhance the Green Hydrogen Production in Morocco: Solar Technologies Evaluation and Techno-Economic Analysis
Mar 2025
Publication
With the fast-growing implementation of renewable energy projects Morocco is positioned as a pioneer in green and sustainable development aiming to achieve 52% of its electricity production from renewable sources by 2030. This ambitious target faces challenges due to the intermittent nature of renewable energy which impacts grid stability. Hydrogen offers a promising solution but identifying the most cost-effective production configurations is critical Read More
Sustainable Hydrogen Production from Plastic Waste: Optimizing Pyrolysis for a Circular Economy
Mar 2025
Publication
: Hydrogen is a clean non-polluting fuel and a key player in decarbonizing the energy sector. Interest in hydrogen production has grown due to climate change concerns and the need for sustainable alternatives. Despite advancements in waste-to-hydrogen technologies the efficient conversion of mixed plastic waste via an integrated thermochemical process remains insufficiently explored. This study introduces a novel multi-stage pyrolysis-reformi Read More
Comparative Techno-environmental Analysis of Grey, Blue, Green/Yellow and Pale-blue Hydrogen Production
Mar 2025
Publication
Hydrogen holds immense potential to assist in the transition from fossil fuels to sustainable energy sources but its environmental impact depends on how it is produced. This study introduces the pale-blue hydrogen production method which is a hybrid approach utilizing both carbon capture and bioenergy inputs. Comparative life cycle analysis is shown for grey blue green and pale-blue hydrogen using cumulative energy demand carbon footprint (CF) and w Read More
Photocatalytic Water Splitting for Large-scale Solar-to-chemical Energy Conversion and Storage
Dec 2024
Publication
Sunlight-driven water splitting allows renewable hydrogen to be produced from abundant and environmentally benign water. Large-scale societal implementation of this green fuel production technology within energy generation systems is essential for the establishment of sustainable future societies. Among various technologies photocatalytic water splitting using particulate semiconductors has attracted increasing attention as a method to pro Read More
The Bright Future of Solar-driven Hydrogen Production
Dec 2024
Publication
Hydrogen production from sunlight using innovative photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical systems offers decentralized sustainable energy solutions with potential applications in remote off-grid locations.Photocatalytic hydrogen production has the potential to transform clean cooking by reducing dependency on wood and charcoal in low-resource settings addressing significant health and environmental challenges.Photocatalytic reactors could also be u Read More
Sorption-enhanced Steam Gasification of Biomass for H2-rich Gas Production and In-situ CO2 Capture by CaO-based Sorbents: A Critical Review
Feb 2023
Publication
The sorption-enhanced steam gasification of biomass (SEBSG) is considered a prospective thermo-chemical technology for high-purity H2 production with in-situ CO2 capture. Fundamental concepts and operating conditions of SEBSG technology were summarized in this review. Considerable industrial demonstration units have been conducted on pilot scales for large-scale availability of the SEBSG process. The influence of process parameters su Read More
Open-Circuit Switch Fault Diagnosis and Accommodation of a Three-Level Interleaved Buck Converter for Electrolyzer Applications
Mar 2023
Publication
This article proposes a novel open-circuit switch fault diagnosis method (FDM) for a three-level interleaved buck converter (TLIBC) in a hydrogen production system based on the water electrolysis process. The control algorithm is suitably modified to ensure the same hydrogen production despite the fault. The TLIBC enables the interfacing of the power source (i.e. low-carbon energy sources) and electrolyzer while driving the hydrogen production of the s Read More
Comparative Analysis of Power Converter Topologies for Hydrogen Electrolyzers
Oct 2024
Publication
Power electronic converters are essential for connecting high-power electrolyzers to ac grids. The existing literature on comparative analyses of AC-DC power converters for electrolyzer applications is often limited to thyristor rectifiers (TRs) and diode bridge rectifiers with DC-DC converters. Interestingly active front-end (AFE) power converters have not garnered much attention. In addition critical aspects such as the impact of nonideal grid behavi Read More
Research on DC Power Supply for Electrolytic Water to Hydrogen Based on Renewable Energy
Nov 2022
Publication
Hydrogen production from electrolytic water based on Renewable Energy has been found as a vital method for the local consumption of new energy and the utilization of hydrogen energy. In this paper the hydrogen production power supply matching the working characteristics of electrolytic water production was investigated. Through the analysis of the correlation between the electrolysis current and temperature of the proton exchange membrane electro Read More
Techno-economic Analysis with Electrolyser Degradation Modelling in Green Hydrogen Production Scenarios
Feb 2025
Publication
A pivotal ambition to aid global decarbonisation efforts is green electrolytic hydrogen produced with renewable energy. Prolonged operation of water electrolysers induces cell degradation decreasing production efficiency and gas yield over the lifespan of the electrolyser stack. Considerations for degradation modelling is seen to a varying extent in previous literature. This work shows the effects of including degradation modelling within exist Read More
Multidimensional Comparison of Life Cycle Footprint of Hydrogen Production Technologies
Feb 2025
Publication
Hydrogen as an energy carrier will play an important role in the future in achieving sustainable development goals in the energy and mobility sectors as well as to reach decarbonization goals. Currently adopted hydrogen strategies foresee a significant increase in the amount of hydrogen used in the future. To meet this increased volume in the most sustainable way a careful analysis of potential hydrogen production technologies is necessary considering Read More
Experimental Investigation and Evaluation of Newly Designed Electrodes for Hydrogen Production in Alkaline Water Electrolysis
Jan 2025
Publication
Alkaline water electrolysis is a promising clean hydrogen production technology that accounts for a small percentage of global hydrogen production. Therefore the technique requires further research and development to achieve higher efficiencies and lower hydrogen production costs to replace the utilization of non-renewable energy sources for hydrogen production. In this study electrodes are fabricated through fused deposition modelling 3 Read More
How to Size Regional Electrolysis Systems - Simple Guidelines for Deploying Grid-supporting Electrolysis in Regions with Renewable Energy Generation
Nov 2023
Publication
Our energy system is facing major challenges in the course of the unavoidable shift from fossil fuels to fluctuating renewable energy sources. Regional hydrogen production by electrolysis utilizing regional available excess energy can support the expansion of renewable energy by converting surplus energy into hydrogen and sup plying it to the end energy sectors as a secondary energy carrier or process media. We developed a methodology which all Read More
Design of the Converter Prototype for Powering the Hydrogen Electrolyzer
Feb 2025
Publication
Electrolysis which uses direct current is the most common way to produce hydrogen gas. However its efficiency is very low about 70%. The method used when current pulses are used by electrolysis is called pulse electrolysis. According to other studies this method can increase the efficiency of the production of hydrogen gas by the electrolysis of water. The main objective of this paper is to present a prototype of a converter that provides current pulses Read More
Energy Storage and Management of Offshore Wind-Based Green Hydrogen Production
Feb 2025
Publication
The coupling of offshore wind energy with hydrogen production involves complex energy flow dynamics and management challenges. This study explores the production of hydrogen through a PEM electrolyzer powered by offshore wind farms and Lithium-ion batteries. A digital twin is developed in Python with the aim of supporting the sizing and carrying out a techno-economic analysis. A controller is designed to manage energy flows on an hourly basis. Thr Read More
Modulating Selectivity and Stability of the Direct Seawater Electrolysis for Sustainable Green Hydrogen Production
Feb 2025
Publication
Direct seawater electrolysis (DSE) has emerged as a compelling route to sustainable hydrogen production leveraging the vast global reserves of seawater. However the inherently complex composition of seawater—laden with halide ions multivalent cations (Mg2+ Ca2+) and organic/biological impurities—presents formidable challenges in maintaining both selectivity and durability. Chief among these obstacles is mitigating chloride corrosion and sup Read More
Electrolytic Hydrogen Production: How Green Must Green Be?
Jan 2025
Publication
Electrolytic hydrogen from renewable sources is central to many nations' net-zero emission strategies serving as a low-carbon alternative for traditional uses and enabling decarbonisation across multiple sectors. Current stringent policies in the EU and US are set to soon require hourly time-matching of renewable electricity generation used by electrolysers aimed at ensuring that hydrogen production does not cause significant direct or indirect emissions. Wh Read More
Electrical Energy Storage Combined with Renewable Hydrogen Production
Feb 2025
Publication
The applications and need for large-scale long-duration electrical energy storage are growing as both the share of renewable energy in energy systems and the demand for flexibility increase. One potential application is the renewable hydrogen industry where temporal matching of renewable electricity generation and hydrogen production will be required in the future according to the new European Union regulations. In this paper a case study of Read More
Enhancing Efficiency in Photovoltaic Hydrogen Production: A Comparative Analysis of MPPT and Electrolysis Control Strategies
Feb 2025
Publication
With the rapid growth of photovoltaic installed capacity photovoltaic hydrogen production can effectively solve the problem of electricity mismatch between new energy output and load demand. Photovoltaic electrolysis systems pose unique challenges due to their nonlinear multivariable and complex nature. This paper presents a thorough investigation into the control methodologies for such systems focusing on both Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) Read More
Impacts of Intermittency on Low-temperature Electrolysis Technologies: A Comprehensive Review
May 2024
Publication
By offering promising solutions to two critical issues – the integration of renewable energies into energy systems and the decarbonization of existing hydrogen applications – green hydrogen production through water electrolysis is set to play a crucial role in addressing the major challenges of the energy transition. However the successful integration of renewable energy sources relies on gaining accurate insights into the impacts that intermittent el Read More
Offshore Facilities to Produce Hydrogen
Jun 2017
Publication
As a result of international agreements on the reduction of CO2 emissions new technologies using hydrogen are being developed. Hydrogen despite being the most abundant element in Nature cannot be found in its pure state. Water is one of the most abundant sources of hydrogen on the planet. The proposal here is to use energy from the sea in order to obtain hydrogen from water. If plants to obtain hydrogen were to be placed in the ocean the impact Read More
Review - Engineering Challenges in Green Hydrogen Production Systems
May 2022
Publication
Today hydrogen (H2) is overwhelmingly produced through steam methane reforming (SMR) of natural gas which emits about 12 kg of carbon dioxide (CO2) for 1 kg of H2 (∼12 kg-CO2/kg-H2). Water electrolysis offers an alternative for H2 production but today’s electrolyzers consume over 55 kWh of electricity for 1 kg of H2 (>55 kWh/kg-H2). Electric grid-powered water electrolysis would emit less CO2 than the SMR process when the carbon intensity for grid Read More
Development of a Novel Thermochemical Cycle Without Electrolysis Step to Produce Hydrogen
Jan 2025
Publication
This study presents a new three-step Cu-Cl cycle that can operate with heat input without electrolysis. While the sensitivity analyses of the system are performed to evaluate the system performance through the Aspen Plus thermodynamic analyses of the system are performed with energetic and exergetic approaches. The highest exergy destruction among the components in the system was the decomposition reactor with a rate of 50.6%. Furtherm Read More
Silica Aerogels as a Promising Vehicle for Effective Water Splitting for Hydrogen Production
Mar 2025
Publication
This comprehensive review explores silica aerogels and their application in environmental remediation. Due to rapid growth in the consumption of energy and water resources the purification of contaminated resources for use by humankind should be considered important. The primary objectives of this review are to assess the evolving landscape of silica aerogels their preparation and drying techniques and to discuss the main findings from a wide range Read More
Adaptive Sliding Mode Control of an Interleaved Buck Converter–Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolyzer for a Green Hydrogen Production System
Mar 2025
Publication
This paper presents an advanced Adaptive Sliding Mode Control (ASMC) strategy specifically developed for a hydrogen production system based on a Proton Exchange Membrane electrolyzer (PEM electrolyzer). This work utilized a static model of the PEM electrolyzer characterized by its V-I electrical characteristic which was approximated by a linear equation. The ASMC was designed to estimate the coefficients of this equation which are essential for designi Read More
An Insight into the Application and Progress of Artificial Intelligence in the Hydrogen Production Industry: A Review
Mar 2025
Publication
The urgent need for low carbon emissions in hydrogen production has become increasingly critical as global energy demands rise highlighting the inefficiencies in traditional methods and the industry’s challenges in meeting evolving environmental standards. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of these challenges and opportunities. The current review discusses the use of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies especially machine Read More
Selection of a Green Hydrogen Production Facility Location with a Novel Heuristic Approach
Mar 2025
Publication
The production of green hydrogen the cleanest energy source plays a crucial role in enhancing the efficiency of renewable energy systems by utilizing surplus energy that would otherwise be wasted. With the global shift towards sustainability and the rising adoption of renewable energy sources green hydrogen is gaining significant importance as both an energy carrier and a storage solution. However determining the optimal locations for green hydrogen pr Read More
Increasing the Efficiency of Water Electrolysis with the Application of Pulsing Electric Fields
Mar 2025
Publication
Due to hydrogen’s beneficial characteristics as a sustainable energy carrier the application of pulsing electric fields has been researched for its effectiveness during water electrolysis. Although there have been conflicting findings on the benefits of the application of pulsing electric fields this research highlights the potential it has to enhance the efficiency of water electrolysis while providing clarity on past discrepancies. This research achieves this by identifyi Read More
Hydrogen Production by Water Electrolysis Driven by a Photovoltaic Source: A Review
May 2024
Publication
The integration of water electrolyzers and photovoltaic (PV) solar technology is a potential development in renewable energy systems offering new avenues for sustainable energy generation and storage. This coupling consists of using PV-generated electricity to power water electrolysis breaking down water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen. While oxygen is a useful byproduct the created hydrogen is used as a clean storable energy carrier or feeds Read More
Investigation of Hydrogen Production System-Based PEM EL: PEM EL Modeling, DC/DC Power Converter, and Controller Design Approaches
Apr 2023
Publication
The main component of the hydrogen production system is the electrolyzer (EL) which is used to convert electrical energy and water into hydrogen and oxygen. The power converter supplies the EL and the controller is used to ensure the global stability and safety of the overall system. This review aims to investigate and analyze each one of these components: Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolyzer (PEM EL) electrical modeling DC/DC power conv Read More
What is Next in Anion-Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers? Bottlenecks, Benefits, and Future
Mar 2022
Publication
As highlighted by the recent roadmaps from the European Union and the United States water electrolysis is the most valuable high-intensity technology for producing green hydrogen. Currently two commercial low-temperature water electrolyzer technologies exist: alkaline water electrolyzer (A-WE) and proton-exchange membrane water electrolyzer (PEM-WE). However both have major drawbacks. A-WE shows low productivity and efficiency while PEM-W Read More
Photovoltaic-Assisted Photo(electro)catalytic Hydrogen Production: A Review
Aug 2023
Publication
The idea of supporting the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) has inspired researchers around the world to explore more environmentally friendly energy generation and production methods especially those related to solar and hydrogen energy. Among the various available sustainable energy technologies photo(electro)catalytic hydrogen production has been competitively explored benefiting from its versatile platform to utilize solar en Read More
A Review on the Use of Catalysis for Biogas Steam Reforming
Nov 2023
Publication
Hydrogen production from natural gas or biogas at different purity levels has emerged as an important technology with continuous development and improvement in order to stand for sustainable and clean energy. Regarding biogas which can be obtained from multiple sources hydrogen production through the steam reforming of methane is one of the most important methods for its energy use. In that sense the role of catalysts to make the process Read More
Renewable Hydrogen Production from Biomass Derivatives or Water on Trimetallic Based Catalysts
Oct 2023
Publication
Hydrogen has emerged as a promising new energy source that can be produced in renewable mode for example from biomass derivatives reforming or water splitting. However the conventional catalysts used for hydrogen production in renewable mode suffer from limitations in activity selectivity and/or stability. To overcome these limitations nanostructured catalysts with multicomponent active phases particularly trimetallic catalysts are being expl Read More
Recent Progress on Ammonia Cracking Technologies for Scalable Hydrogen Production
Jun 2024
Publication
The global energy transition necessitates the development of technologies enabling cost-effective and scalable conversion of renewable energies into storable and transportable forms. Green ammonia with its high hydrogen storage capacity emerges as a promising carbon-free hydrogen carrier. This article reviews recent progress in industrially relevant catalysts and technologies for ammonia cracking which is a pivotal step in utilizing ammonia as a h Read More
Quantifying Natural Hydrogen Generation Rates and Volumetric Potential in Onshore Serpentinization
Mar 2025
Publication
This study explores the generation of natural hydrogen through the serpentinization of onshore ultramafic rocks highlighting its potential as a clean energy resource. By investigating critical factors such as mineral composition temperature and pressure the research develops an empirical model using multiple regression analysis to predict hydrogen generation rates under varying geological conditions. A novel five-stage volumetric calculation methodolo Read More
Prospective LCA of Alkaline and PEM Electrolyser Systems
Nov 2023
Publication
This prospective life cycle assessment (LCA) compares the environmental impacts of alkaline electrolyser (AE) and proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyser systems for green hydrogen production with a special focus on the stack components. The study evaluates both baseline and near-future advanced designs considering cradle-to-gate life cycle from material production to operation. The electricity source followed by the stacks are ide Read More
A Review on Green Hydrogen Production by Aqueous Phase Reforming of Lignocellulose and Derivatives
Mar 2025
Publication
With the intensification of the global energy crisis hydrogen has attracted significant attention as a high-energy-density and zero-emission clean energy source. Traditional hydrogen production methods are dependent on fossil fuels and simultaneously contribute to environmental pollution. The aqueous phase reforming (APR) of renewable biomass and its derivatives has emerged as a research hotspot in recent years due to its ability to produce green h Read More
Machine Learning for the Optimization and Performance Prediction of Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells: A Review
Mar 2025
Publication
Solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) represent a promising technology because they have the potential to achieve greater efficiency than existing electrolysis methods making them a strong candidate for sustainable hydrogen production. SOECs utilize a solid oxide electrolyte which facilitates the migration of oxygen ions while maintaining gas impermeability at temperatures between 600 ◦C and 900 ◦C. This review provides an overview of the recent ad Read More
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