Publications

Pipelines represent the most economical and efficient means for transporting hydrogen in large volumes across vast distances contributing to accelerated realization of hydrogen economy. Nowadays the development of hydrogen pipeline projects including repurposing existing pipelines for hydrogen service has become a global interest especially in those major energy-producing and energy-consuming countries. However steel pipelines are susceptible to Read More

A comprehensive analysis of the green hydrogen supply chain is presented in this paper encompassing production storage transportation and consumption with a focus on the application of metaheuristic optimization. The challenges associated with each stage are highlighted and the potential of metaheuristic optimization methods to address these challenges is discussed. The primary method of green hydrogen production water electrolysis through ren Read More

Today hydrogen (H2) is overwhelmingly produced through steam methane reforming (SMR) of natural gas which emits about 12 kg of carbon dioxide (CO2) for 1 kg of H2 (∼12 kg-CO2/kg-H2). Water electrolysis offers an alternative for H2 production but today’s electrolyzers consume over 55 kWh of electricity for 1 kg of H2 (>55 kWh/kg-H2). Electric grid-powered water electrolysis would emit less CO2 than the SMR process when the carbon intensity for grid Read More

The aim of this project is to identify the investment requirements for energy infrastructure across each TEN-E infrastructure category as well as for non-TEN-E electricity transmission and distribution infrastructure in order to enable a decarbonised economy in the EU. It also evaluates the need for EU financial support and explores possible forms of EU funding to address the identified needs within the scope of this study's assessment.

This report delves into the European renewable hydrogen supply chain to offer recommendations for Europe to become a leader in the hydrogen economy.

Seawater electrolysis is a promising approach for sustainable hydrogen production that could alleviate the ever-growing demand for freshwater resources. This literature review synthesizes current research on direct seawater electrolysis drawing attention to advances in electrode materials catalyst efficiency and system design. Furthermore an overview of indirect seawater electrolysis is given as a benchmark. Key challenges including electrode corrosi Read More

This study presents a new three-step Cu-Cl cycle that can operate with heat input without electrolysis. While the sensitivity analyses of the system are performed to evaluate the system performance through the Aspen Plus thermodynamic analyses of the system are performed with energetic and exergetic approaches. The highest exergy destruction among the components in the system was the decomposition reactor with a rate of 50.6%. Furtherm Read More

This brochure provides a detailed overview of the EU’s funding mechanisms and an inspiring look at real projects managed by CINEA. These examples illustrate how diverse stakeholders from industry leaders to research institutions are translating hydrogen ambitions into impactful on-the-ground solutions that address both technological and societal needs.

The development of liquid hydrogen storage systems is a key aspect to enable future clean air transportation. However safety analysis research for such systems is still limited and is hindered by the limited experience with liquid hydrogen storage in aviation. This paper presents the outcomes of a preliminary safety assessment applied to this new type of storage system accounting for the hazards of hydrogen. The methodology developed is based on ha Read More

The successful commercialisation of underground hydrogen storage (UHS) is contingent upon technological readiness and social acceptance. A lack of social acceptance inadequate policies/regulations an unreliable business case and environmental uncertainty have the potential to delay or prevent UHS commercialisation even in cases where it is ready. The technologies utilised for underground hydrogen and carbon dioxide storage are analogous. Read More

This paper presents an advanced Adaptive Sliding Mode Control (ASMC) strategy specifically developed for a hydrogen production system based on a Proton Exchange Membrane electrolyzer (PEM electrolyzer). This work utilized a static model of the PEM electrolyzer characterized by its V-I electrical characteristic which was approximated by a linear equation. The ASMC was designed to estimate the coefficients of this equation which are essential for designi Read More

Around 75% of worldwide greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are generated by the combustion of fossil fuels (FFs) for energy production. Tackling climate change requires a global shift away from FF reliance and the decarbonization of energy systems. The energy manufacturing and construction sectors contribute a significant portion of Egypt’s total GHG emissions largely due to the reliance on fossil fuels in energy-intensive industries (EIIs). Decar Read More

The publication presents methods and pre-test results of a stand for testing CHSS in terms of resistance to open fire. The basis for the conducted research is the applicable provisions contained in the UN/ECE Regulation R134. The study includes an overview of contemporary solutions for hydrogen storage systems in high-pressure tanks in means of transport. Development in this area is a response to the challenge of reducing global carbon dioxide emissions Read More

Cruise ship decarbonisation was studied on a Mediterranean cruise profile. The analysis focused on ship energy flows fuel consumption carbon emissions ship CII and EEDI. A combination of technologies for reducing ship fuel consumption was simulated before introducing hydrogen fueled machinery for the ship. The studied technologies included ultrasound antifouling shore power battery hybrid machinery waste heat recovery and air lubrication. Their appl Read More

The production of green hydrogen the cleanest energy source plays a crucial role in enhancing the efficiency of renewable energy systems by utilizing surplus energy that would otherwise be wasted. With the global shift towards sustainability and the rising adoption of renewable energy sources green hydrogen is gaining significant importance as both an energy carrier and a storage solution. However determining the optimal locations for green hydrogen pr Read More

Due to hydrogen’s beneficial characteristics as a sustainable energy carrier the application of pulsing electric fields has been researched for its effectiveness during water electrolysis. Although there have been conflicting findings on the benefits of the application of pulsing electric fields this research highlights the potential it has to enhance the efficiency of water electrolysis while providing clarity on past discrepancies. This research achieves this by identifyi Read More

Hydrogen is a promising candidate for renewable energy storage and transportation due to its high energy density and zero carbon emissions. Its practical applications face challenges related to safe efficient storage and release systems. This review article investigates advanced nanostructured materials for hydrogen storage including metal acetylide and cyanide complexes BN-doped γ-graphyne nanotubes (γ-GNT) lithium-phosphide double helices an Read More

The integration of water electrolyzers and photovoltaic (PV) solar technology is a potential development in renewable energy systems offering new avenues for sustainable energy generation and storage. This coupling consists of using PV-generated electricity to power water electrolysis breaking down water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen. While oxygen is a useful byproduct the created hydrogen is used as a clean storable energy carrier or feeds Read More

Typically polymeric materials experience material degradation anddamage over time in harsh environments. Improved understandingof the physical and chemical processes associated with possibledamage modes intended in high-pressure hydrogen gas exposedatmospheres will help to select and develop materials well suited forapplications fulfilling future energy demands in hydrogen as anenergy carrier. In high-pressure hydrogen gas exposure co Read More

The study provides a study on energy storage technologies for photovoltaic and wind systems in response to the growing demand for low-carbon transportation. Energy storage systems (ESSs) have become an emerging area of renewed interest as a critical factor in renewable energy systems. The technology choice depends essentially on system requirements cost and performance characteristics. Common types of ESSs for renewable ener Read More

With increasing global interest in molecular hydrogen to replace fossil fuels more attention is being paid to potential leakages of hydrogen into the atmosphere and its environmental consequences. Hydrogen is not directly a greenhouse gas but its chemical reactions change the abundances of the greenhouse gases methane ozone and stratospheric water vapor as well as aerosols. Here we use a model ensemble of five global atmospheric c Read More

Hydrogen embrittlement (HE) of steels is extremely interesting topic in many industrial applications while a predictive physical model still does not exist. A number of studies carried out in the world are unambiguous confirmation of that statement. Bearing in mind multiple effects of hydrogen in certain metals the specific mechanism of hydrogen embrittlement is manifested depending on the experimental conditions. In this paper structural low carbon st Read More

Chemical hydrogen storage is a key step for establishing hydrogen as a main energy vector. For this purpose liquid organic hydrogen carriers (LOHCs) present the outstanding advantage of allowing a safe efficient and high-density hydrogen storage being also highly compatible with existing transport infrastructures. Typical LOHCs are organic compounds able to be hydrogenated and dehydrogenated at mild conditions enabling the hydrogen storage and releas Read More

The global energy transition necessitates the development of technologies enabling cost-effective and scalable conversion of renewable energies into storable and transportable forms. Green ammonia with its high hydrogen storage capacity emerges as a promising carbon-free hydrogen carrier. This article reviews recent progress in industrially relevant catalysts and technologies for ammonia cracking which is a pivotal step in utilizing ammonia as a h Read More

This study explores the generation of natural hydrogen through the serpentinization of onshore ultramafic rocks highlighting its potential as a clean energy resource. By investigating critical factors such as mineral composition temperature and pressure the research develops an empirical model using multiple regression analysis to predict hydrogen generation rates under varying geological conditions. A novel five-stage volumetric calculation methodolo Read More

This prospective life cycle assessment (LCA) compares the environmental impacts of alkaline electrolyser (AE) and proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyser systems for green hydrogen production with a special focus on the stack components. The study evaluates both baseline and near-future advanced designs considering cradle-to-gate life cycle from material production to operation. The electricity source followed by the stacks are ide Read More

For reaching the European greenhouse gas emission targets the phase-in of alternative technologies and energy carriers is crucial for all sectors. For the transport sector synthetic fuels are–next to electromobility–a promising option especially for long-distance shipping and air transport. Within this context the import of synthetic fuels from the Middle East and Northern Africa (MENA) region seems attractive due to low costs for renewable electricity in this Read More

In the future the development of a zero-carbon economy will require large-scale hydrogen storage. This article addresses hydrogen storage capacities a critical issue for large-scale hydrogen storage in geological structures. The aim of this paper is to present a methodology to evaluate the potential for hydrogen storage in depleted natural gas reservoirs and estimate the capacity and energy of stored hydrogen. The estimates took into account th Read More

Hydrogen production from renewable energy sources has the potential to significantly reduce the carbon footprint of critical economic sectors that rely heavily on fossil fuels. Liquid organic hydrogen carrier (LOHC) technology has the capability to overcome the limitations associated with conventional hydrogen storage technologies. To date dibenzyltoluene and benzyltoluene are the benchmark LOHC molecules due to the unique hydrogen stora Read More

The transition to sustainable energy systems presents a critical challenge for the 21st century necessitating both technological advancements and transformative educational strategies to foster awareness and knowledge. Hydrogen technologies are pivotal for decarbonization yet public understanding and acceptance remain limited. This study introduces and evaluates a novel gamified educational framework uniquely integrating simulationbased Read More

The integration of more-electric technologies into aero-engines has revolutionized their multi-power architectures substantially improving system maintainability and operational reliability. This advancement has established more-electric systems as a cornerstone of modern aerospace electrification research. Concurrently liquid hydrogen (LH2) emerges as a transformative solution for next-generation power generation systems particularly in e Read More

The transportation sector is a significant contributor to global carbon emissions thus necessitating a transition toward renewable energy sources (RESs) and electric vehicles (EVs). Among EV technologies fuel-cell EVs (FCEVs) offer distinct advantages in terms of refueling time and operational efficiency thus rendering them a promising solution for sustainable transportation. Nevertheless the integration of FCEVs in rural areas poses challenges due to t Read More

To enable climate-neutral aviation improving the energy efficiency of aircraft is essential. The research project Synergies of Highly Integrated Transport Aircraft investigates cross-disciplinary synergies in aircraft and propulsion technologies to achieve energy savings. This study examines a fuel cell electric powered configuration with distributed electric propulsion. For this a reverse-engineered ATR 72-500 serves as a reference model for calibrating t Read More

The Indonesian government has established an energy transition policy for decarbonization including the target of utilizing hydrogen for power generation through a co-firing scheme. Several studies indicate that hydrogen co-firing in gas-fired power plants can reduce CO2 emissions while improving efficiency. This study develops a simulation model for hydrogen co-firing in an M701F gas turbine at the Cilegon power plant using Aspen HYSYS. The impact Read More

Underground Hydrogen Storage (UHS) has gathered interest over the past decade as an efficient means of storing energy. Although a significant number of research and demonstration projects have sought to understand the associated technical challenges it is yet to be achieved on commercial scales. We highlight case studies from town gas and blended hydrogen storage focusing on leakage pathways and hydrogen reactivity. Experience from heliu Read More

Solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) represent a promising technology because they have the potential to achieve greater efficiency than existing electrolysis methods making them a strong candidate for sustainable hydrogen production. SOECs utilize a solid oxide electrolyte which facilitates the migration of oxygen ions while maintaining gas impermeability at temperatures between 600 ◦C and 900 ◦C. This review provides an overview of the recent ad Read More