Publications

The aim of this study is to review and identify H2 storage suitability in geological reservoirs of the Republic of Lithuania. Notably Lithuania can store clean H2 effectively and competitively because of its wealth of resources and well-established infrastructure. The storage viability in Lithuanian geological contexts is highlighted in this study. In addition when it comes to injectivity and storage capacity salt caverns and saline aquifers present less of a challenge th Read More

With the accelerating global transition to clean energy underground hydrogen storage (UHS) has gained significant attention as a flexible and renewable energy storage technology. Ontario Canada as a pioneer in energy transition offers substantial underground storage potential with its geological conditions of salt limestone and sandstone providing diverse options for hydrogen storage. However the hydrogen transport characteristics of different rock me Read More

A composite hydrogen storage vessel (CHSV) is one key component of the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle which always suffers random vibration during transportation resulting in fatigue failure and a reduction in service life. In this paper firstly the free and constrained modes of CHSV are experimentally studied and numerically simulated. Subsequently the random vibration simulation of CHSV is carried out to predict the stress distribution while Stei Read More

Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) and pre-hydrolysis with SSF (PSSF) were used to produce hydrogen from the biomass of Chlorella sp. SSF was conducted using an enzyme mixture consisting of 80 filter paper unit (FPU) g-biomass−1 of cellulase 92 U g-biomass−1 of amylase and 120 U g-biomass−1 of glucoamylase at 35 ◦C for 108 h. This yielded 170 mL-H2 g-volatile-solids−1 (VS) with a productivity of 1.6 mL-H2 g-VS−1 h −1 . Pre Read More

In the context of “dual carbon” in order to promote the consumption of renewable energy and improve energy utilization efficiency a low-carbon economic dispatch model of an integrated energy system containing carbon capture power plants and multiple utilization of hydrogen energy is proposed. First introduce liquid storage tanks to transform traditional carbon capture power plants and at the same time build a multi-functional hydrogen utilizati Read More

This study presents the conceptual design and evaluation of an HRS for light-duty FCEVs. The proposed system integrates wind turbines a water electrolyzer three-stage hydrogen compressor heat recovery and storage a two-stage Organic Rankine Cycle (TS-ORC) hydrogen storage tanks a Vapor Compression Refrigeration Cycle (VCRC) and a hydrogen dispenser. Waste heat from the hydrogen compression process is harnessed to power the TS-ORC whe Read More

This study experimentally investigates the effect of hydrogen addition on combustion and thermal characteristics of impinging non-premixed jet flames for low-heating values gases (LHVGs). We evaluate the flame morphology and stability using a concentric non-premixed combustor with an impingement plate. OH radicals are visualized using the OH* chemiluminescence and OH-planar laser-induced fluorescence (OH-PLIF) system. Emission characteristics Read More

Hydrogen is blended with natural gas to form hydrogenated natural gas (HCNG) which is a new efficient and clean energy. CHEMKIN-PRO 19.0 software was combined with the GRI-Mech 3.0 mechanism to evaluate the capacity of H2 blending in reducing CO and CO2 emissions. Influences of H2 blending on combustion reactions of the CH4-air mixture were investigated. The results showed that the main reactants and products (CH4 CO and CO2) decr Read More

The FuelEU Maritime Regulation part of the European Union’s (EU’s) Fit for 55 initiative aims to achieve significant reductions in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions within the maritime sector. This study assesses the feasibility of alternative fuels for the Estonian pilot fleet using a Well-to-Wake (WtW) life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology. Operational data from 18 vessels sourced from the Estonian State Fleet’s records were analyzed including technic Read More

Ammonia (NH₃) presents a comprehensive energy storage solution for future energy demands. Its synthesis plays a pivotal role in the chemical industry acting as a fundamental precursor for fertilizers explosives and a wide range of industrial applications. In recent years there has been a growing interest in exploring novel catalyst materials to enhance the efficiency selectivity and sustainability of NH3 production technologies. Among these materials p Read More

This paper presents the results of the H2SAREA project which focuses on integrating hydrogen (H2) into the existing natural gas (NG) distribution network with blends of up to 20%. A key component of the project was the H2Loop testing platform built using ex-service materials and components to realistically assess the impact of hydrogen on current systems and components. The investigation covered several critical areas including gas injection and blending Read More

Energy scheduling for hybrid unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is of critical importance to their safe and stable operation. However traditional approaches predominantly rule-based often lack the dynamic adaptability and stability necessary to address the complexities of changing operational environments. To overcome these limitations this paper proposes a novel energy scheduling framework that integrates the Model Predictive Control (MPC) with a De Read More

Low-carbon hydrogen is a promising option for energy security and decarbonization. Cooperation is needed to ensure the widespread use of low-carbon energy. Cooperation among hydrogen supply chain (HSC) agents is essential to overcome the high costs the lack of infrastructure that needs heavy financial support and the environmental failure risk. But how can cooperation be operationalized and its potential benefits be measured to evaluate the im Read More

We analyze barriers to setting up a hydrogen market by using a PESTEL framework that examines political economic social technological environmental and legal barriers. This framework is advantageous for analyzing macro-environmental factors to understand potential challenges and opportunities in creating such a market. Internationally the framework was applied to analyzing barriers in 56 national hydrogen roadmaps and domestically in the U.S. to s Read More

Eco-design is an innovative design methodology that focuses on minimizing the environmental footprint of industries including aviation right from the conceptual and development stages. However rising industrial demand calls for a more comprehensive strategy wherein beyond environmental considerations competitiveness becomes a critical factor supported by additional pillars of sustainability such as economic viability circularity and Read More

Renewable hydrogen production is a pivotal technology in transitioning to sustainable energy and is essential for global decarbonisation efforts. This study explores the integration of hydrogen production into sugarcane bio refineries which have shifted from traditional sugar production to integrated bioenergy hubs. Specifically steam reforming of ethanol was selected as the process for hydrogen generation. A comprehensive techno-economic analysis w Read More

Liquid hydrogen has attracted much attention due to its high energy storage density and suitability for long-distance transportation. An efficient hydrogen liquefaction process is the key to obtaining liquid hydrogen. In an effort to determine the parameter optimization of the hydrogen liquefaction process this paper employed process simulation software Aspen HYSYS to simulate the hydrogen liquefaction process. By establishing a dynamic model of the Read More

To achieve deep decarbonization renewable energy generation must be substantially increased. The technologies with the lowest levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) are land-based photovoltaics (PVs) and wind energy. Agri-PVs offer the potential for dual land use combining energy generation with agricultural activities. However the costs of agri-PVs are higher than those of ground-mounted PV. To enhance the competitiveness of agri-PV we investigate t Read More

Hydrogen holds an important strategic position in the energy systems of many countries. Many studies have analyzed the acceptance of hydrogen energy technology from the public’s perspective but few have examined it from the corporate perspective. This paper establishes a technology acceptance model and employs structural equation modeling to investigate the factors affecting the acceptance of hydrogen energy technology within enterprises. A Read More

Underground Hydrogen Storage (UHS) as an emerging large-scale energy storage technology has shown great promise to ensure energy security with minimized carbon emission. A set of comprehensive UHS site evaluation criteria based on important factors that affect UHS performances is needed for its potential commercialization. This study focuses on the UHS site evaluation of gas mixing. The economic implications of gas mixing between injecte Read More

This paper investigates the challenges and solutions associated with integrating a hydrogen-generating nuclear-renewable integrated energy system (NR-IES) under a transactive energy framework. The proposed system directs excess nuclear power to hydrogen production during periods of low grid demand while utilizing renewables to maintain grid stability. Using digital real-time simulation (DRTS) in the Typhoon HIL 404 model the dynamic interactions bet Read More

Metal hydride-based hydrogen storage (MHHS) has been used for several purposes including mobile and stationary applications. In general the overall MHHS performance for both applications depends on three main factors which are the appropriate selection of metal hydride material uses design configurations of the MHHS based on the heat exchanger and overall operating conditions. However there are different specific requirements for the two applicatio Read More

Hydrogen is gaining traction as a key energy carrier due to its clean combustion high energy content and versatility. As the world shifts towards sustainable energy hydrogen demand is rapidly increasing. This paper introduces a novel hybrid time series modeling approach designed and developed to accurately predict hydrogen demand by mixing linear and nonlinear models and accounting for the impact of non-recurring events and dynamic energy mar Read More

Aviation is one of the most important industries in the current global scenario but it has a significant impact on climate change due to the large quantities of carbon dioxide emitted daily from the use of fossil kerosene-based fuels (jet fuels). Although technological advancements in aircraft design have enhanced efficiency and reduced emissions over the years the rapid growth of the aviation industry presents challenges in meeting the environmental target Read More

Electrifying ammonia production using renewable energy (RE) and water electrolysis is a critical step in the worldwide transition from fossil fuels to alternative energy sources. However the common requirement that the ammonia reactor operate at a steady production level harms the system’s economic feasibility due to the large hydrogen and battery storage required to overcome RE variability. In this study we examine the sensitivity of the plant s Read More

Transport and storage of hydrogen as a liquid (LH2) is being widely investigated as a solution for scaling up the supply infrastructure and addressing the growth of hydrogen demand worldwide. While there is a relatively wellestablished knowledge and understanding of hazards and associated risks for gaseous hydrogen at ambient temperature several knowledge gaps are yet open regarding the behaviour in incident scenarios of cryogenic hydrogen inclu Read More

Oceanic energy such as offshore wind energy and various marine energy sources holds signifi cant potential for generating green hydrogen through water electrolysis. Offshore-generated hydrogen has the potential to be transported through standard pipelines and stored in diverse forms. This aids in mitigating the variability of renewable energy sources in power generation and consequently holds the capacity to reshape the framework of electrical syste Read More

As the global economy moves toward net-zero carbon emissions large-scale energy storage becomes essential to tackle the seasonal nature of renewable sources. Underground hydrogen storage (UHS) offers a feasible solution by allowing surplus renewable energy to be transformed into hydrogen and stored in deep geological formations such as aquifers salt caverns or depleted reservoirs making it available for use on demand. This study thoroughly eval Read More

The current fossil fuel-based generation of energy has led to large-scale industrial development. However the reliance on fossil fuels leads to the significant depletion of natural resources of buried combustible geologic deposits and to negative effects on the global climate with emissions of greenhouse gases. Accordingly enormous efforts are directed to transition from fossil fuels to nonpolluting and renewable energy sources. One potential alternative i Read More

In this work we present the simulation of a plant for the exploitation of renewable hydrogen (e.g. from biomass gasification) with production of renewable ammonia as hydrogen vector and energy storage medium. The simulation and sizing of all unit operations were performed with Aspen Plus® as software. Vegetable waste biomass is used as raw material for hydrogen production more specifically pine sawdust.The hydrogen production process is bas Read More

Zero-export photovoltaic systems are an option to transition to Smart Grids. They decarbonize the sector without affecting third parties. This paper proposes the analysis of a zero-export PVS with a green hydrogen generation and storage system. This configuration is feasible to apply by any selfgeneration entity; it allows the user to increase their resilience and independence from the electrical network. The technical issue is simplified because the grid supplie Read More

Background: This study applied levelized cost of hydrogen (LCOH) and environmental cost accounting techniques to evaluate the feasibility of producing green hydrogen (GH2) via alkaline electrolysis for use in a bus fleet in Fortaleza Brazil. Methods: A GH2 plant with a 3 MW wind tower was considered in this financial project. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess the economic viability of the project considering the influence of production volum Read More

Hydrogen has become a key enabler for decarbonization as countries pledge to reach net zero carbon emissions by 2050. With hydrogen infrastructure expanding rapidly beyond its established applications there is a requirement for robust safety practices solutions and regulations. Since the 1980s considerable efforts have been undertaken by the nuclear community to address hydrogen safety issues because in severe accidents of water-coo Read More

HyCARE project supported by the Clean Hydrogen Partnership of the European Union deals with a prototype hydrogen storage tank using a solid-state hydrogen carrier. Up to 40 kilograms of hydrogen are stored in 12 tanks at less than 50 barg and less than 100°C. The innovative design is based on a standard 20-foot container including 12 TiFe-based metal hydride (MH) hydrogen storage tanks coupled with a thermal energy storage in phase ch Read More

The Research Priorities Workshop (RPW) brought together experts from academia industry and government to identify and prioritise future research directions with regard to hydrogen safety. Over two days participants engaged in presentations and discussions covering key areas such as transportation and storage ignition phenomena cryogenic hydrogen risk assessment methodologies and others. A critical component of the workshop was the pri Read More

Green hydrogen is a cleaner source to replace fossil-based fuels and is critical in the global shift toward energy production to combat climate change. This review of embedding artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in the value chain of green hydrogen outlines the significant potential for full transformation. These include optimizing the utilization of renewable sources of energy improving electrolysis process hydrogen storage in the sal Read More

Clean hydrogen is touted as a cornerstone of the global energy transition. It can help to decarbonize hard-to-electrify sectors ship renewable power over great distances and boost energy security. Clean hydrogen’s appeal is increasingly felt in the Global South where countries seek to benefit from production export and consumption opportunities new infrastructures and technological innovations. These geographies are however in the process of taking Read More

This article examines the role of European port authorities in assembling the green hydrogen frontier through the production of speculative connections with prospective hydrogen export zones in the global South. Specifically it analyses the role of a particular discursive tool the pre-feasibility report in fixing the meaning of Namibian territory for the purposes of green hydrogen export disembedding hydrogen products from the social political and ecologica Read More

Hydrogen-Integrated energy systems (HIESs) are pivotal in driving the transition to a low-carbon energy structure in China. This paper proposes a low-carbon economic scheduling strategy to improve the operational efficiency and reduce the carbon emissions of HIESs. The approach begins with the implementation of a stepwise carbon trading framework to limit the carbon output of the system. This is followed by the development of a joint operational model Read More

Quantitative Risk Assessments (QRA) is an important tool for enabling safe deployment of hydrogen technologies and is increasingly embedded in the permitting process. Following the framework developed in our companion paper we conducted a detailed QRA on the uncontrolled releases from a high-capacity hydrogen fueling station with liquid hydrogen (LH2) storage. We characterized gaseous and liquid hydrogen releases determined the caus Read More

This study comprehensively analyzes an integrated renewable energy system complementing offshore wind turbines (OWT) and floating solar photovoltaic (FPV) technology designed for producing electric power and green hydrogen. The research explores the technical feasibility techno-economic performance and optimal sizing of the system components. The system integrates OWT farms FPV arrays water electrolyzer and hydrogen storage tank to mini Read More

This study evaluates the integration of wind energy into greenhouse agriculture in the Safi region a major agricultural area in Morocco. As part of cleaner energy systems five wind turbines were analyzed to determine their performance. After performing a statistical analysis using the Weibull distribution with two parameters the results showed that the VESTAS V82- 0.9/1.65MW – 70m turbine was the most efficient. It achieved a capacity factor of 41.72 Read More

With the increasing warming of the atmosphere and the growth of energy consumption in the world new methods and highly efficient energy systems take precedence over conventional methods. This study concentrates on the proposition and techno-economical investigation of a hybrid wind-solar energy system encompassing flat plate solar collector for the purpose of clean hydrogen and electricity generation. The proposed system is a combinatio Read More

Green hydrogen obtained from renewable electricity can play an essential role in the decarbonization of different sectors. The reliability of the data used to model the entire supply chain is a crucial parameter in Life Cycle Assessment. In this study the authors show how photovoltaic and wind electricity supply chains influence the carbon footprint of green H2. While most published studies rely on default datasets from commercial libraries the current wor Read More

This study presents a scientometric analysis of renewable energy applications in low-temperature regions focusing on green hydrogen production carbon storage and emerging trends. Using bibliometric tools such as RStudio and VOSviewer the research evaluates publication trends from 1988 to 2024 revealing an exponential growth in renewable energy studies post-2021 driven by global policies promoting carbon neutrality. Life cycle assessment (LCA) pl Read More

The utilization of “green” hydrogen in transportation areas gives rise to production- and supply infrastructure-related challenges; therefore its wider application in automotive transport would lead to higher demand with cost reduction and a faster expansion of the hydrogen refuelling network. This study presents energy and environmental performance indicators analyses of a Nissan Qashqai J10 engine during the Worldwide Harmonised Light Vehi Read More

To reduce hydrogen consumption by hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (HFCVs) an adaptive power-following control strategy based on gated recurrent unit (GRU) neural network operating condition recognition was proposed. The future vehicle speed was predicted based on a GRU neural network and a driving cycle condition recognition model was established based on k-means cluster analysis. By predicting the speed over a specific time horizon feature para Read More

To improve the energy utilization rate and realize the low-carbon emission of a park integrated energy system (PIES) this paper proposes an optimal operation strategy for multiple PIESs. Firstly the electrical power cooperative trading framework of multiple PIESs is constructed. Secondly the hydrogen blending mechanism and carbon capture system and power-to-gas system joint operation model are introduced to establish the model of each PI Read More

Reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the transport sector is known to be an important contribution to climate change mitigation. Some parts of the transport sector are particularly difficult to decarbonize; this includes the heavy-duty vehicle sector which is considered one of the “hardto-abate” sectors of the economy. Transitioning from diesel trucks to hydrogen fuel cell trucks has been identified as a potential way to decarbonize the sector. Howev Read More

Photovoltaic (PV) system grid integration is becoming more global to minimize carbon emissions from traditional power systems.However alternative solution investigation for maximum technical and economic benefits is often neglected when integrating PVsystems. This study utilizes a methodology for evaluating the lifecycle energy generation and levelized cost of energy (LCOE) ofPV systems with various configurations using a holistic approach that consid Read More