Low-Carbon Economic Scheduling of Integrated Energy System Considering Flexible Supply–Demand Response and Diversified Utilization of Hydrogen

With the large-scale deployment of renewable energy, the issue of wind power consumption has become increasingly prominent, leading to serious wind energy abandonment. In order to promote energy sustainability, this paper proposes a low-carbon economic scheduling model of an integrated energy system (IES) that combines the flexible supply–demand response with the diversified utilization of hydrogen energy. A mixedinteger linear programming model is developed and solved using the commercial solver GUROBI to obtain the scheduling scheme that minimizes total costs. First, decoupling analysis is performed for combined heat and power (CHP) units, and the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is introduced to enable dynamic output adjustments. On the demand side, a flexible demand response mechanism is introduced, which allows various types of loads to transfer within the scheduling cycle or substitute for each other within the same period. Additionally, combining the clean characteristics of hydrogen, this paper introduces hydrogen-doped CHP and other utilization strategies and develops a diversified utilization structure of hydrogen. A small IES is used for case analysis to verify the effectiveness of the above strategies. The results show that the proposed strategy can entirely consume wind power, reduce total cost by 21.32%, and decrease carbon emissions by 44.83%, thereby promoting low-carbon economic operation and sustainable energy development of the system.