Japan

The use of hydrogen fuel produced from renewable energy sources is an effective way to reduce well-to-wheel CO2 emissions from automobiles. In this study the performance of a hydrogen-powered series hybrid vehicle was compared with that of other powertrains such as gasoline-powered hybrid fuel cell and electric vehicles in a simulation that could estimate CO2 emissions under real-world driving conditions. The average fuel consumption of the hydro Read More

This study investigated the pressure-dependent CO2 effect on the hydrogen embrittlement of X80 and GB20# pipeline steels by combining experiments and first-principles calculations. Results revealed that the CO2 effect enhanced the fatigue crack growth for GB20# steel in 10 MPa CO₂-enriched hydrogen mixtures. However the improved degree by the CO₂ effect at 10 MPa was less pronounced than at 0.4 MPa which was found for the first time. This Read More

Japan has formulated a net-zero emissions target by 2050. Existing scenarios consistent with this target generally depend on carbon dioxide removal (CDR). In addition to domestic mitigation actions the import of low-carbon energy carriers such as hydrogen and synfuels and negative emissions credits are alternative options for achieving net-zero emissions in Japan. Although the potential and costs of these actions depend on global energy system tr Read More

The hydrogen compatibility of two X65 pipeline steels for transport of hydrogen gas is investigated through microstructural characterization hydrogen permeation measurements and fracture mechanical testing. The investigated materials are a quenched and tempered pipeline steel with a fine-grained homogeneously distributed ferrite-bainite microstructure and hot rolled pipeline steel with a ferrite-pearlite banded microstructure. All tests are p Read More

Industrial and public interest in hydrogen technologies has risen strongly recently as hydrogen is the ideal means for medium to long term energy storage transport and usage in combination with renewable and green energy supply. In a future energy system the production storage and usage of green hydrogen is a key technology. Hydrogen is and will in future be even more used for industrial production processes as a reduction agent or for the productio Read More

In the present study pilot simulations of the phenomena of blast wave and fireball generated by the rupture of a high-pressure (35 MPa) hydrogen tank (volume 72 L) due to fire were carried out. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model includes the realizable k-ε model for turbulence and the eddy dissipation model coupled with the one-step chemical reaction mechanism for combustion. The simulation results were compared with experimen Read More

Social risk is a comprehensive concept that considers not only internal/external physical risks but also risks (which are multiple varied and diverse) associated with social activity. It should be considered from diverse perspectives and requires a comprehensive evaluation framework that takes into account the synergistic impact of each element on others rather than evaluating each risk individually. Social risk assessment is an approach that is not limited Read More

To consider an appropriate evaluation method for hydrogen compatibility slow strain rate tensile (SSRT) tests were conducted on high strength piping materials cold-worked type 316 austenitic stainless steel (SUS316CW) and iron-based superalloy A286 used in hydrogen stations for two years.SUS316CW used at room temperature in 82 MPa gaseous hydrogen contained 7.8 mass ppm hydrogen. The SSRT test of SUS316CW was conducted in nitroge Read More

Hydrogen is considered a clean and efficient energy carrier crucial for shapingthe net-zero future. Large-scale production transportation storage and use of greenhydrogen are expected to be undertaken in the coming decades. As the smallest element inthe universe however hydrogen can adsorb on diffuse into and interact with many metallicmaterials degrading their mechanical properties. This multifaceted phenomenon isgenerically categorized as hydr Read More

Hydrogen is the most environmentally friendly and cleanest fuel that has the potential to supply most of the world's energy in the future replacing the present fossil fuel-based energy infrastructure. Hydrogen is expected to solve the problem of energy shortages in the near future especially in complex geographical areas (hills arid plateaus etc.) and harsh climates (desert ice etc.). Thus in this report we present a current status of achievable hydrogen fuel bas Read More

This study introduces a novel hybrid solar–biomass cogeneration power plant that efficiently produces heat electricity carbon dioxide and hydrogen using concentrated solar power and syngas from cotton stalk biomass. Detailed exergy-based thermodynamic economic and environmental analyses demonstrate that the optimized system achieves an exergy efficiency of 48.67% and an exergoeconomic factor of 80.65% and produces 51.5 MW of electricity Read More

As Europe transitions away from natural gas dependency and accelerates its adoption of renewable energy 12 green hydrogen has emerged as a key energy carrier for industrial and automotive applications. Similarly plans 13 to export hydrogen and ammonia from resource-rich regions like Australia and the Middle East to major importers 14 such as Japan and South Korea underline the global commitment to decarbonization. Central to these efforts is Read More

Growing expectations are being placed on green hydrogen-based steel for decarbonising the global steel industry. However the scale of the expected demand is dispersed across numerous case studies resulting in a fragmented picture. This study examines 28 existing scenarios to provide a cohesive view of future global demand. In the short term the demand for green hydrogen-based steel is expected to be limited constituting 2% of current total stee Read More

In addition to the promotion of pumped storage and electricity storage batteries the minimum use of inexpensive thermal power generation for the regulation of power in Japan and other countries is being considered as a supply-demand stabilization device with the expected widespread introduction of renewable energy by 2050. Therefore this study analyzed the economics related to the introduction of solid oxide fuel cell combined cycle using li Read More

Sunlight-driven water splitting allows renewable hydrogen to be produced from abundant and environmentally benign water. Large-scale societal implementation of this green fuel production technology within energy generation systems is essential for the establishment of sustainable future societies. Among various technologies photocatalytic water splitting using particulate semiconductors has attracted increasing attention as a method to pro Read More