Applications & Pathways

The application of hydrogen in modern farming is transitioning from a conceptual idea to a practical reality poised to meet future agricultural machinery requirements and transition goals. Increasing tensions between farmers and various institutions underscore the growing sensitivity around fossil fuel dependency in the agricultural sector particularly in northern economies. This study investigates the economic feasibility of using decentralized hy Read More

On the path towards decarbonisation of the steel industry the use of H2 /NG blends in furnaces where high temperatures are needed is one of the alternatives that needs to be carefully studied. The present paper shows the CFD study carried out for a full-scale reheating furnace burner case. The real operating conditions as well as experimental measurements provided by the furnace operator were used to validate the results and reduce simula Read More

The turbocharged dual-fuel engine is modeled and connected online to optimiser platform for transient input variation of input parameters decided by designed algorithms. This task is undertaken to enable intelligent control of the propulsion system including the Hydrogen injection instantly to reduce the thermal irreversibility. Therefore two methods of optimisation are applied to data collected from a turbocharged dual fuel operated propulsion sys Read More

In the coming years as a result of changing climate policies and finite fossil fuel resources energy producers will be compelled to introduce new fuels with lower carbon footprints. One of the solutions is hydrogen which can be burned or co-fired with methane in energy generation systems. Therefore this study presents a thermodynamic and emission analysis of a gas turbine fueled by a mixture of CH4 and H2 as well as pure hydrogen. Numerical studies Read More

Adopting machine learning (ML) in hydrogen systems is a promising approach that enhances the efficiency reliability and sustainability of hydrogen power systems and revolutionizes the hydrogen energy sector to optimize energy usage/management and promote sustainability. This study explores hydrogen energy systems including production storage and applications while establishing a connection between machine learning solutions and the challen Read More

This study conducts a thorough review of fuel cell technology including types economy applications and V2G scheme. Fuel cells have been considered for diverse applications namely electric vehicles specialty vehicles such as warehouse forklifts public transportation including buses trains and ferries. Other applications include grid-related stationary and portable applications. Among available five types of fuel cells PEMFC is presently the optimal choic Read More

Maximizing hydrogen utilization is crucial for improving the efficiency of proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell systems. Ideally all supplied hydrogen reacts within the fuel cell. However nitrogen and water backdiffusion necessitate periodic purging of the anode recirculation path. Excessive purging leads to hydrogen losses while insufficient purging increases side reactions lowering fuel cell voltage and directly reducing effi ciency. This study investigate Read More

To enhance the accommodation capacity of renewable energy and promote the coordinated development of multiple energy this paper proposes a novel economic dispatch method for an integrated electricity–heat–hydrogen energy system on the basis of coupling three energy flows. Firstly we develop a mathematical model for the hydrogen energy system including hydrogen production storage and hydrogen fuel cells. Additionally a multi-device c Read More

This research explores the optimal operation of an offshore wave-powered hydrogen system specifically designed to supply electricity and water to a bay in Humboldt California USA and also sell it with hydrogen. The system incorporates a desalination unit to provide the island with fresh water and feed the electrolyzer to produce hydrogen. The optimization process utilizes a mixture of experts in conjunction with the Quantitative Structure-Activity Rel Read More

The long term and large-scale energy storage operations require quick response time and round-trip efficiency which is not feasible with conventional battery systems. To address this issue while endorsing high energy density long term storage and grid adaptability the hydrogen energy storage (HES) is preferred. This proposed work makes a comprehensive review on HES while synthesizing recent research on energy storage technologies and integration int Read More

A recent consensus to achieve carbon neutrality is promoting interest in the use of hydrogen and management of its production system. Among the several types of hydrogen green hydrogen is of most interest which is produced using power generated from renewable energy sources (RES). However several challenges are encountered in the stable operation of green hydrogen production systems (GHPS) owing to the inherent intermittent and variables Read More

Aviation is one of the most challenging sectors to electrify directly due to its high energy density demands. Hydrogen offers a pathway for indirect electrification in such sectors enabling sustainable aviation fuels (SAF) production when combined with a carbon source. SAF produced via methanol or Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis (e-SAF) has higher volumetric density than hydrogen remains liquid under standard conditions and can be used as a Read More

This paper investigates the temperature control problem in hydrogen fuel cells based on the improved sliding mode control method specifically within the context of multirotor drone applications. The study focuses on constructing a control-oriented nonlinear thermal model which serves as a foundation for the subsequent development of a practical temperature regulation approach. Initially a novel sliding mode control strategy is proposed which significa Read More

This study explores the potential of hydrogen-enriched internal combustion engines (H2ICEs) as a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels. Hydrogen offers advantages such as high combustion efficiency and zero carbon emissions yet challenges related to NOx formation storage and specialized modifications persist. Machine learning (ML) techniques including artificial neural networks (ANNs) and XGBoost demonstrate strong predictive capabilities in opt Read More

Cruise ship decarbonisation was studied on a Mediterranean cruise profile. The analysis focused on ship energy flows fuel consumption carbon emissions ship CII and EEDI. A combination of technologies for reducing ship fuel consumption was simulated before introducing hydrogen fueled machinery for the ship. The studied technologies included ultrasound antifouling shore power battery hybrid machinery waste heat recovery and air lubrication. Their appl Read More

The study provides a study on energy storage technologies for photovoltaic and wind systems in response to the growing demand for low-carbon transportation. Energy storage systems (ESSs) have become an emerging area of renewed interest as a critical factor in renewable energy systems. The technology choice depends essentially on system requirements cost and performance characteristics. Common types of ESSs for renewable ener Read More

Desulphurization of oil-based fuels is common practice to mitigate the ecological burden to ecosystems and human health of SOx emissions. In many countries fuels for vehicles are restricted to 10 ppm sulphur. For marine fuels low sulphur contents are under discussion. The environmental impact of desulphurization processes is however quite high: (1) The main current source for industrial hydrogen is Steam Methane Reforming (SMR) with a r Read More

This study performed a technical–economic analysis for ship-based ammonia transportation to investigate the feasibility of international ammonia transportation. Ammonia is considered to be a vital hydrogen carrier so the international trade in ammonia by ship will considerably increase in the future. This study proposed three scenarios for transporting ammonia from the USA Saudi Arabia and Australia to South Korea and employed an 84000 Read More

The integration of more-electric technologies into aero-engines has revolutionized their multi-power architectures substantially improving system maintainability and operational reliability. This advancement has established more-electric systems as a cornerstone of modern aerospace electrification research. Concurrently liquid hydrogen (LH2) emerges as a transformative solution for next-generation power generation systems particularly in e Read More

The transportation sector is a significant contributor to global carbon emissions thus necessitating a transition toward renewable energy sources (RESs) and electric vehicles (EVs). Among EV technologies fuel-cell EVs (FCEVs) offer distinct advantages in terms of refueling time and operational efficiency thus rendering them a promising solution for sustainable transportation. Nevertheless the integration of FCEVs in rural areas poses challenges due to t Read More

To enable climate-neutral aviation improving the energy efficiency of aircraft is essential. The research project Synergies of Highly Integrated Transport Aircraft investigates cross-disciplinary synergies in aircraft and propulsion technologies to achieve energy savings. This study examines a fuel cell electric powered configuration with distributed electric propulsion. For this a reverse-engineered ATR 72-500 serves as a reference model for calibrating t Read More

The Indonesian government has established an energy transition policy for decarbonization including the target of utilizing hydrogen for power generation through a co-firing scheme. Several studies indicate that hydrogen co-firing in gas-fired power plants can reduce CO2 emissions while improving efficiency. This study develops a simulation model for hydrogen co-firing in an M701F gas turbine at the Cilegon power plant using Aspen HYSYS. The impact Read More

Reducing CO2 emissions is an increasingly important goal in general aviation. The dual-fuel hydrogen–kerosene combustion process has proven to be a suitable technology for use in small aircraft. This robust and reliable technology significantly reduces CO2 emissions due to the carbon-free combustion of hydrogen during operation while pure kerosene or sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) can be used in safety-critical situations or in the event of fuel sup Read More