United States

This research undertakes a comparative analysis of current and emerging hydrogen (H2) production technologies evaluating them based on quantitative and qualitative decision criteria. The quantitative criteria include cost of H2 production (USD/kg H2) energy consumption (MJ/kg H2) global warming potential (kg CO2-eq/kg H2) and technology energy efficiency (%). The qualitative criteria encompass technology readiness level (TRL) and availability of supply Read More

Electrolysis of water to generate hydrogen fuel is an attractiverenewable energy storage technology. However grid-scale fresh-water electrolysis would put a heavy strain on vital water re-sources. Developing cheap electrocatalysts and electrodes that cansustain seawater splitting without chloride corrosion could ad-dress the water scarcity issue. Here we present a multilayer anodeconsisting of a nickel–iron hydroxide (NiFe) electrocatalyst layeruniformly co Read More

China’s progress in decarbonizing its transportation particularly vehicle electrification is notable. However the economically effective pathways are underexplored. To find out how much cost is necessary for carbon neutrality for the light-duty vehicle (LDV) sector this study examines twenty decarbonization pathways combining the New Energy and Oil Consumption Credit model and the China-Fleet model. We find that the 2060 zero-gr Read More

Civil aviation provides an essential transportation network that connects the world and supports global economic growth. To maintain these benefits while meeting environmental goals next-generation aircraft must have drastically reduced climate impacts. Hydrogen-powered aircraft have the potential to fly existing routes with no carbon emissions and reduce or eliminate other emissions. This paper is a comprehensive guide to hydrogen-powered airc Read More

A holistic approach to decision-making in modern energy systems is vital due to their increase in complexity and interconnectedness. However decision makers often rely on narrowlyfocused strategies such as economic assessments for energy system strategy selection. The approach in this paper helps considers various factors such as economic viability technological feasibility environmental impact and social acceptance. By integrating these div Read More

Hydrogen will play a key role in decarbonizing economies. Here we quantify the costs and environmental impacts of possible large-scale hydrogen economies using four prospective hydrogen demand scenarios for 2050 ranging from 111–614 megatonne H2 year−1 . Our findings confirm that renewable (solar photovoltaic and wind) electrolytic hydrogen production generates at least 50–90% fewer greenhouse gas emissions than fossil-fuel-based counte Read More

This review sets out to investigate the detrimental impacts of hydrogen gas (H2 ) on critical boiler components and provide appropriate state-of-the-art mitigation measures and future research directions to advance its use in industrial boiler operations. Specifically the study focused on hydrogen embrittlement (HE) and high-temperature hydrogen attack (HTHA) and their effects on boiler components. The study provided a fundamental und Read More

Nanomaterials have attracted great interest in recent years because of the unusual mechanical electrical electronic opticalmagnetic and surface properties. The high surface/volume ratio of these materials has significant implications with respectto energy storage. Both the high surface area and the opportunity for nanomaterial consolidation are key attributes of thisnew class of materials for hydrogen storage devices. Nanostructured systems including ca Read More

Hydrogen is a zero-carbon energy carrier with potential to decarbonize industrial and transportation sectors but its life-cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions depend on its energy supply chain and carbon management measures (e.g. carbon capture and storage). Global support for clean hydrogen production and use has recently intensified. In the United States Congress passed several laws that incentivize the production and use of renewable and low-carb Read More

Hydrogen as a clean fuel offers a practical pathway to achieve net-zero targets. However due to its physical and chemical characteristics there are some safety concerns for large-scale hydrogen utilisation particularly in process safety management. Leakage of gaseous hydrogen especially in semi-confined spaces such as tunnels can lead to catastrophic outcomes including uncontrolled fire and explosion. The current paper describes the outcome of a Read More