France

Photoanodes comprising a transparent glass substrate coated with a thin conductive film of fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) and a thin layer of a photoactive phase have been fabricated and tested with regard to the photo-electro-oxidation of water into molecular oxygen. The photoactive layer was made of a mat of TiO2 nanorods (TDNRs) of micrometric thickness. Individual nanorods were successfully photosensitized with nanoparticles of a metal–organic f Read More

To address the climate emergency France is committed to achieving carbon neutrality by 2050. It plans to significantly increase the contribution of renewable energy in its energy mix. The share of renewable energy in its electricity production which amounts to 25.5% in 2020 should reach at least 40% in 2030. This growth poses several new challenges that require policy makers and regulators to act on the technological changes and expanding need for flexibi Read More

Hydrogen is the cleanest fuel available because its combustion product is water. The internal combustion engine can in principle and without significant modifications run on hydrogen to produce mechanical energy. Regarding the technological solution leading to compact engines a question to ask is the following: Can combustion engine systems be lubricated with hydrogen? In general since many applications such as in turbomachines is it possible Read More

Hydrogen and its interaction with metal oxide surfaces is of major importance for a wide range of research and applied fields spanning from catalysis energy storage microelectronics to metallurgy. This paper reviews state of the art of first principles calculations on the well-known ruthenium oxide (RuO2) surface in its (110) orientation and its interaction with hydrogen. In addition to it the paper also fills gaps in knowledge with new calculations and results on th Read More

With the growing success of green hydrogen the general trend is for increased hydrogen production and large quantities of storage. Engie’s projects have grown from a few kilos of hydrogen to the quest for large scale production and associated storage – e.g. several tons or tens of tons. Although a positive sign for Engie’s projects it does inevitably result in challenges in new storage methods and in risks management related to such facilities; particularly w Read More

The paper presents an overview of the main achievements of the internal project InsHyde of the HySafe NoE. The scope of InsHyde was to investigate realistic small-medium indoor hydrogen leaks and provide recommendations for the safe use/storage of indoor hydrogen systems. Additionally InsHyde served to integrate proposals from HySafe work packages and existing external research projects towards a common effort. Following a state of t Read More

A benchmark exercise on vented explosion engineering model was carried out against the maximum overpressures (one or two peaks) of published experiments. The models evaluated are Bauwens et al. (2012-1 and 2012-2) [4 7] models Molkov Vent Sizing Technology 1999 2001 and 2008 models [12 13 6]. The experiments in consideration are Pasman et al. experiments (1974) (30% H2 - 1m3) [1] Bauwens et al. (2012) experiments (64m3) [4] Dau Read More

The paper presents the outcomes of the HyResponse project i.e. the European Hydrogen Safety Training Programme for first responders. The threefold training is described: the content of the educational training is presented the operational training platform and its mock-up real scale transport and hydrogen stationary installations are detailed and the innovative virtual tools and training exercises are highlighted. The paper underlines the outcomes the Read More

This paper is devoted to a benchmarking exercise of the EUROPLEXUS code against several large scale deflagration and detonation experimental data sets in order to improve its hydrogen combustion modeling capabilities in industrial settings. The code employs an algorithm for the propagation of reactive interfaces RDEM which includes a combustion wave as an integrable part of the Reactive Riemann problem propagating with a fundamental flame Read More

In the prospect of a safe use of hydrogen in our society one important task is to evaluate under which conditions the storage of hydrogen systems can reach a sufficient level of safety. One of the most important issues is the use of such system in closed area for example a private garage or an industrial facility. In the scope of this paper we are mainly interested in the following scenario: a relatively slow release of hydrogen (around 5Nl/min) in a closed and a Read More