Spain
Impact of Large-scale Hydrogen Electrification and Retrofitting of Natural Gas Infrastructure on the European Power System
Nov 2023
Publication
In this paper we aim to analyse the impact of hydrogen production decarbonisation and electrification scenarios on the infrastructure development generation mix CO2 emissions and system costs of the European power system considering the retrofit of the natural gas infrastructure. We define a reference scenario for the European power system in 2050 and use scenario variants to obtain additional insights by breaking down the effects of Read More
Hydrogen Revolution in Europe: Bibliometric Review of Industrial Hydrogen Applications for a Sustainable Future
Jul 2024
Publication
Industrial applications of hydrogen are key to the transition towards a sustainable lowcarbon economy. Hydrogen has the potential to decarbonize industrial sectors that currently rely heavily on fossil fuels. Hydrogen with its unique and versatile properties has several in-industrial applications that are fundamental for sustainability and energy efficiency such as the following: (i) chemical industry; (ii) metallurgical sector; (iii) transport; (iv) energy sector; and (v Read More
Charting the Course: Navigating Decarbonisation Pathways in Greece, Germany, The Netherlands, and Spain’s Industrial Sectors
Jul 2024
Publication
In the quest for a sustainable future energy-intensive industries (EIIs) stand at the forefront of Europe’s decarbonisation mission. Despite their significant emissions footprint the path to comprehensive decarbonisation remains elusive at EU and national levels. This study scrutinises key sectors such as non-ferrous metals steel cement lime chemicals fertilisers ceramics and glass. It maps out their current environmental impact and potential for mitiga Read More
Internal Combustion Engines and Carbon-Neutral Fuels: A Perspective on Emission Neutrality in the European Union
Mar 2024
Publication
Nowadays there is an intense debate in the European Union (EU) regarding the limits to achieve the European Green Deal to make Europe the first climate-neutral continent in the world. In this context there are also different opinions about the role that thermal engines should play. Furhermore there is no clear proposal regarding the possibilities of the use of green hydrogen in the transport decarbonization process even though it should be a key element. Read More
Assessment of Selected Alternative Fuels for Spanish Navy Ships According to Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis
Dec 2023
Publication
Climate change and environmental degradation are growing concerns in today’s society which has led to greater awareness and responsibility regarding the need to adopt sustainable practices. The European Union has established the goal of achieving climate neutrality by 2050 which implies a significant reduction in greenhouse gas emissions in all sectors. To achieve this goal renewable energies the circular economy and energy efficiency are bein Read More
Intensification of Hydrogen Production: Pd–Ag Membrane on Tailored Hastelloy-X Filter for Membrane-Assisted Steam Methane Reforming
Dec 2023
Publication
H2 production via membrane-assisted steam methane reforming (MA-SMR) can ensure higher energy efficiency and lower emissions compared to conventional reforming processes (SMR). Ceramic-supported Pd–Ag membranes have been extensively investigated for membrane-assisted steam methane reforming applications with outstanding performance. However costs sealings for integration in the reactor structure and resistance to solicitation Read More
Comparison of Methane Reforming Routes for Hydrogen Production using Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma-catalysis
Feb 2024
Publication
Methane reforming is an interesting resource for obtaining hydrogen. DBD plasma-catalysis allows a direct use of electricity for methane reforming reactions such as direct methane reforming (MR) dry methane reforming (DMR) and steam methane reforming (SMR). In this work the first comprehensive comparison of these three routes for hydrogen production is experimentally and systematically investigated using dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma an Read More
Implementation of a Decision-making Approach for a Hydrogen-based Multi-energy System Considering EVs and FCEVs Availability
Aug 2024
Publication
Innovative green vehicle concepts have become increasingly prevailing in consumer purchasing habits as technology evolves. The global transition towards sustainable transportation indicates an increase in new-generation vehicles including both fuel-cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) and plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) that will take on roads in the future. This change requires new-generation stations to support electrification. This study introduced a promin Read More
Different Strategies in an Integrated Thermal Management System of a Fuel Cell Electric Bus Under Real Driving Cycles in Winter
May 2023
Publication
Due to the climate crisis and the restriction measures taken in the last decade electric buses are gaining popularity in the transport sector. However one of the most significant disadvantages of this type of vehicle is its low autonomy. Many electric buses with proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) systems have been developed to solve this problem in recent years. These have an advantage over battery-electric buses because the autonomy Read More
Can an Energy Only Market Enable Resource Adequacy in a Decarbonized Power System? A Co-simulation with Two Agent-based-models
Feb 2024
Publication
Future power systems in which generation will come almost entirely from variable Renewable Energy Sources (vRES) will be characterized by weather-driven supply and flexible demand. In a simulation of the future Dutch power system we analyze whether there are sufficient incentives for market-driven investors to provide a sufficient level of security of supply considering the profit-seeking and myopic behavior of investors. We cosimulate two agent-based Read More
Processes Supervision System for Green Hydrogen Production: Experimental Characterization and Data Acquisition of PEM Electrolyzer
May 2022
Publication
Green hydrogen is the term used to reflect the fact that hydrogen is generated from renewable energies. This process is commonly performed by means of water electrolysis decomposing water molecules into oxygen and hydrogen in a zero emissions process. Proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzers are applied for such a purpose. These devices are complex systems with nonlinear behavior which impose the measurement and control of several m Read More
Laboratory Studies on Underground H2 Storage: Bibliometric Analysis and Review of Current Knowledge
Dec 2024
Publication
: The global demand for energy and the need to mitigate climate change require a shift from traditional fossil fuels to sustainable and renewable energy alternatives. Hydrogen is recognized as a significant component for achieving a carbon-neutral economy. This comprehensive review examines the underground hydrogen storage and particularly laboratory-scale studies related to rock– hydrogen interaction exploring current knowledge. Using Read More
Green Hydrogen Techno-economic Assessments from Simulated and Measured Solar Photovoltaic Power Profiles
Nov 2024
Publication
Studies estimating the production cost of hydrogen-based fuels known as e-fuels often use renewable power profile time series obtained from open-source simulation tools that rely on meteorological reanalysis and satellite data such as Renewables.ninja or PVGIS. These simulated time series contain errors compared to real on-site measured data which are reflected in e-fuels cost estimates plant design and operational performance increasing the ris Read More
Research and Development of Hydrogen Carrier Based Solutions for Hydrogen Compression and Storage
Aug 2022
Publication
Martin Dornheim,
Lars Baetcke,
Etsuo Akiba,
Jose-Ramón Ares,
Tom Autrey,
Jussara Barale,
Marcello Baricco,
Kriston Brooks,
Nikolaos Chalkiadakis,
Véronique Charbonnier,
Steven Christensen,
José Bellosta von Colbe,
Mattia Costamagna,
Erika Michela Dematteis,
Jose-Francisco Fernández,
Thomas Gennett,
David Grant,
Tae Wook Heo,
Michael Hirscher,
Katherine Hurst,
Mykhaylo V. Lototskyy,
Oliver Metz,
Paola Rizzi,
Kouji Sakaki,
Sabrina Sartori,
Emmanuel Stamatakis,
Alastair D. Stuart,
Athanasios Stubos,
Gavin Walker,
Colin Webb,
Brandon Wood,
Volodymyr A. Yartys and
Emmanuel Zoulias
Industrial and public interest in hydrogen technologies has risen strongly recently as hydrogen is the ideal means for medium to long term energy storage transport and usage in combination with renewable and green energy supply. In a future energy system the production storage and usage of green hydrogen is a key technology. Hydrogen is and will in future be even more used for industrial production processes as a reduction agent or for the productio Read More
A Unified European Hydrogen Infrastructure Planning to Support the Rapid Scale-up of Hydrogen Production
Jun 2024
Publication
Hydrogen will become a key player in transitioning toward a net-zero energy system. However a clear pathway toward a unified European hydrogen infrastructure to support the rapid scale-up of hydrogen production is still under discussion. This study explores plausible pathways using a fully sector-coupled energy system model. Here we assess the emergence of hydrogen infrastructure build-outs connecting neighboring European nations thr Read More
Sustainability Assessment of Green Ammonia Production to Promote Industrial Decarbonization in Spain
Oct 2023
Publication
This article investigates the economic and environmental implications of implementing green ammonia production plants in Spain. To this end one business-as-usual scenario for gray ammonia production was compared with three green ammonia scenarios powered with different renewable energy sources (i.e. solar photovoltaic (PV) wind and a combination of solar PV and wind). The results illustrated that green ammonia scenarios reduced the environm Read More
Green Hydrogen Blending into the Tunisian Natural Gas Distributing System
Dec 2024
Publication
It is likely that blending hydrogen into natural gas grids could contribute to economy-wide decarbonization while retaining some of the benefits that natural gas networks offer energy systems. Hydrogen injection into existing natural gas infrastructure is recognised as a key solution for energy storage during periods of low electricity demand or high variable renewable energy penetration. In this scenario natural gas networks provide an energy vector p Read More
Scatter Search for Optimal Sizing of a Hybrid Renewable Energy System for Scheduling Green Hydrogen Production
Dec 2024
Publication
At present energy demands are mainly covered by the use of fossil fuels. The process of fossil fuel production increases pollution from oil extraction transport to processing centers treatment to obtain lighter fractions and delivery and use by the final consumers. Such polluting circumstances are aggravated in the case of accidents involving fossil fuels. They are also linked to speculative markets. As a result the trend is towards the decarbo Read More
Thermo-economic Analysis of Green Hydrogen Production Onboard LNG Carriers through Solid Oxide Electrolysis Powered by Organic Rankine Cycles
Nov 2024
Publication
LNG carriers play a crucial role in the shipping industry meeting the global demand for natural gas (NG). However the energy losses resulting from the propulsion system and the excess boil-off gas (BOG) cannot be overlooked. The present article investigates the H2 production on board LNG carriers employing both the engine's waste heat (WH) and the excess BOG. Conventional (ORC) and dual-pressure (2P-ORC) organic Rankine cycles couple Read More
A Review of the Use of Hydrogen in Compression Ignition Engines with Dual-Fuel Technology and Techniques for Reducing NOx Emissions
Apr 2024
Publication
The use of compression ignition engines (CIEs) is associated with increased greenhouse gas emissions. It is therefore necessary to research sustainable solutions and reduce the negative environmental impact of these engines. A widely studied alternative is the use of H2 in dual-fuel mode. This review has been developed to include the most recent studies on the subject to collect and compare their main conclusions on performance and emissions. Read More
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