Safety

The use of hydrogen storage tanks at 100% of nominal working pressure (NWP) is expected only after refuelling. Driving between refuellings is characterised by the state of charge SoC <100%. There is experimental evidence that Type IV tanks tested in a fire at initial pressures below 1/3 NWP leaked without rupture. This paper aims at understanding this phenomenon. The numerical research has demonstrated that the heat transfer from fire through t Read More

The climate emergency is one of the biggest challenges humanity must face in the 21st century. The global energy transition faces many challenges when it comes to ensuring a sustainable reliable and affordable energy supply. A likely outcome is decarbonizing the existing gas infrastructure. This will inevitably lead to greater penetration of hydrogen. While the introduction of hydrogen into natural gas  transmission and distribution networks creates challe Read More

A reversible solid oxide cell (rSOC) reactor can operate efficiently in both electrolysis mode and in fuel cell mode. The bidirectional operability enables rSOC reactors to play a central role as an efficient energy conversion system for energy storage and sector coupling for a renewable energy driven society. A combined system for electrolysis and fuel cell operation can result in complex system configurations that should be able to switch between the tw Read More

Lean premixed swirl combustion is widely used in gas turbines and many other combustion Processes due to the benefits of good flame stability and blow off limits coupled with low NOx emissions. Although flashback is not generally a problem with natural gas combustion there are some reports of flashback damage with existing gas turbines whilst hydrogen enriched fuel blends especially those derived from gasification of coal and/or biomass/industrial Read More

Hydrogen (H2 ) is attracting attention as a renewable energy source in various fields. However H2 has a potential danger that it can easily cause a backfire or explosion owing to minor external factors. Therefore H2 gas monitoring is significant particularly near the lower explosive limit. Herein tin dioxide (SnO2 ) thin films were annealed at different times. The as-obtained thin films were used as sensing materials for H2 gas. Here the performance of the SnO2 t Read More

Blending hydrogen into ammonia can I mprove the burning intensity of ammonia and the safety of hydrogen and it is important to understand the flames of NH3/H2/air mixtures. In this work lamiar flame characteristics of 50-50 (vol%) ammonia-hydrogen mixtures in air were studied using the spherical flame propagation method in a constant-volume bom at initital temperature Tu = 298K and different pressures.

Hydrogen is a renewable energy source with various features clean carbon-free high energy density which is being recognized internationally as a “future energy.” The US the EU Japan South Korea China and other countries or regions are gradually clarifying the development position of hydrogen. The rapid development of the hydrogen energy industry requires more hydrogenation infrastructure to meet the hydrogenation need of hydrogen fuel cell v Read More

Clean technologies play a crucial role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and protecting the climate. Hydrogen is a promising energy carrier and fuel that can be used in many applications. We explore the global hydrogen technological innovation system (TIS) by analyzing the three knowledge and technology transfer channels of publications patents and standards. Since the adoption of hydrogen technologies requires trust in their safety this study specif Read More

The aim of the H21 project is to undertake measurements analysis and field trials to support the safe repurposing of Great Britain’s natural gas distribution network for hydrogen. As part of this project work has been ongoing to identify aspects of existing natural gas procedures that will need to be modified for hydrogen and to support the development of new procedures. This has included a review of the scientific basis of current displacement purging pr Read More

The Hydrogen Incidents and Accidents Database (HIAD) is an international open communication platform collecting systematic data on hydrogen-related undesired events (incidents or accidents). It was initially developed in the frame of the project HySafe an EC co-funded NoE of the 6th Frame Work Programme by the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission (EC-JRC) and populated by many HySafe partners. After the end of the proj Read More