Finland
Power-to-X Economy: Green E-hydrogen, E-fuels, E-chemicals, and E-materials Opportunities in Africa
Aug 2024
Publication
Africa has enormous potential to produce low-cost e-fuels e-chemicals and e-materials required for complete defossilisation using its abundant renewable resources widely distributed across the continent. This research builds on techno-economic investigations using the LUT Energy System Transition Model and related tools to assess the power-to-X potential in Africa for meeting the local demand and exploring the export potential of power-to-products ap Read More
Hydrogen in Natural Gas Grids: Prospects and Recommendations About Gas Flow Meters
Aug 2024
Publication
To inject green hydrogen (H2) into the existing natural gas (NG) infrastructure is one way to decarbonize the European energy system. However asset readiness is necessary to be successful. Preliminary analysis and experimental results about the compatibility of hydrogen and natural gas mixtures (H2NG) with the actual gas grids make the scientific community confident about the feasibility. Nevertheless specific technical questions need more resear Read More
Green Hydrogen and Wind Synergy: Assessing Economic Benefits and Optimal Operational Strategies
Aug 2024
Publication
Volatile electricity prices have raised concerns about the economic feasibility of wind projects in Finland. This study assesses the economic viability and optimal operational strategies for integrating wind-powered green hydrogen production systems. Utilizing modeling and optimization this research evaluates various wind farms in Western Finland over electricity market scenarios from 2019 to 2022 with forecasts extending to 2030. Key economic metric Read More
The Role of Power-to-hydrogen in Carbon Neutral Energy and Industrial Systems: Case Finland
Aug 2023
Publication
To combat climate change decarbonization measures are undertaken across the whole energy sector. Industry and transportation sectors are seen as difficult sectors to decarbonize with green hydrogen being proposed as a solution to achieve decarbonization in these sectors. While many methods of introducing hydrogen to these sectors are present in literature few systemlevel works study the specific impacts of large-scale introduction has on power and Read More
Mathematical Optimization Modeling for Scenario Analysis of Integrated Steelworks Transitioning Towards Hydrogen-based Reduction
Jul 2024
Publication
To reduce carbon dioxide emissions from the steel industry efforts are made to introduce a steelmaking route based on hydrogen reduction of iron ore instead of the commonly used cokebased reduction in a blast furnace. Changing fundamental pieces of steelworks affects the functions of most every system unit involved and thus warrants the question of how such a transition could optimally take place over time and no rigorous attempts have until no Read More
Superconductivity and Hydrogen Economy: A Roadmap to Synergy
Aug 2022
Publication
Hydrogen as an energy carrier is a promising alternative to fossil fuels and it becomes more and more popular in developed countries as a carbon-free fuel. The low boiling temperature of hydrogen (20 K or −253.15 ◦C) provides a unique opportunity to implement superconductors with a critical temperature above 20 K such as MgB2 or high-temperature superconductors. Superconductors increase efficiency and reduce the loss of energy which could c Read More
Comparative Analysis of the Alternative Energy: Case of Reducing GHG Emissions of Estonian Pilot Fleet
Feb 2025
Publication
The FuelEU Maritime Regulation part of the European Union’s (EU’s) Fit for 55 initiative aims to achieve significant reductions in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions within the maritime sector. This study assesses the feasibility of alternative fuels for the Estonian pilot fleet using a Well-to-Wake (WtW) life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology. Operational data from 18 vessels sourced from the Estonian State Fleet’s records were analyzed including technic Read More
Feasible Route Towards Decarbonising Marine Transport with Flexible, Hydrogen-enriched, Reactivity Controll Compression Ignition Mid-speed Engines
Feb 2025
Publication
Hydrogen (H2) admixing in Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) technology engines is touted to enhance indicated efficiency (ITE>50%) optimize combustion and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. However many pending issues remain regarding engine durability nitrogen oxide (NOX) emissions and blending limits. These issues are addressed by employing a novel performance-oriented model which simulates under 3 min combustion physics w Read More
Climate Change Performance of Hydrogen Production based on Life Cycle Assessment
Dec 2023
Publication
Hydrogen has the potential to revolutionize how we power our lives from transportation to energy production. This study aims to compare the climate change impacts and the main factors affecting them for different categories of hydrogen production including grey hydrogen (SMR) blue hydrogen (SMR-CCS) turquoise hydrogen (TDM) and green hydrogen (PEM electrolysis). Grey hydrogen blue hydrogen and turquoise hydrogen which are derived from f Read More
Techno-economic Assessment of Hydrogen Application in Cereal Crop Farming
Mar 2025
Publication
The application of hydrogen in modern farming is transitioning from a conceptual idea to a practical reality poised to meet future agricultural machinery requirements and transition goals. Increasing tensions between farmers and various institutions underscore the growing sensitivity around fossil fuel dependency in the agricultural sector particularly in northern economies. This study investigates the economic feasibility of using decentralized hy Read More
On the Identification of Regulatory Gaps for Hydrogen as Maritime Fuel
Feb 2025
Publication
C. Georgopoulou,
C. Di Maria,
G. Di Ilio,
Viviana Cigolotti,
Mariagiovanna Minutillo,
Mosè Rossi,
B.P. Sullivan,
A. Bionda,
Markus Rautanen,
R. Ponzini,
F. Salvadore,
M. Alvarez-Cardozo,
P. Douska,
L. Koukoulopoulos,
G. Psaraftis,
G. Dimopoulos,
T. Wannemacher,
N. Baumann,
K. Mahosl,
M. Tome,
O. Noguero Torres,
F. Oikonomou,
A. Hamalainen,
F. Chillé,
Y. Papagiannopoulos and
N. Sakellaridis
The decarbonization of the maritime sector represents a priority in the energy policy agendas of the majority of Countries worldwide and the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has recently revised its strategy aiming for an ambitious zero-emissions scenario by 2050. In these regards there is a broad consensus on hydrogen as one of the most promising clean energy vectors for maritime transport and a key towards that goal. However to date a Read More
Electrical Energy Storage Combined with Renewable Hydrogen Production
Feb 2025
Publication
The applications and need for large-scale long-duration electrical energy storage are growing as both the share of renewable energy in energy systems and the demand for flexibility increase. One potential application is the renewable hydrogen industry where temporal matching of renewable electricity generation and hydrogen production will be required in the future according to the new European Union regulations. In this paper a case study of Read More
Holistic View to Decarbonising Cruise Ships with a Combination of Energy Saving Technologies and Hydrogen as Fuel
Mar 2025
Publication
Cruise ship decarbonisation was studied on a Mediterranean cruise profile. The analysis focused on ship energy flows fuel consumption carbon emissions ship CII and EEDI. A combination of technologies for reducing ship fuel consumption was simulated before introducing hydrogen fueled machinery for the ship. The studied technologies included ultrasound antifouling shore power battery hybrid machinery waste heat recovery and air lubrication. Their appl Read More
Large Scale Power-to-X Production Enabling Hydrogen Valleys: A Case Study of Future Industrial Hydrogen Valley Opportunity in Finland
Mar 2025
Publication
Many industrial processes such as ammonia fuel or steel production require considerable amounts of fossil feedstocks contributing significantly to global greenhouse gas emissions. Some of these fossil feedstocks and processes can be decarbonised via Power-to-X (P2X) production concepts based on hydrogen (H2) requiring considerable amounts of renewable electricity. Creating hydrogen valleys (HV) may facilitate a cost-efficient H2 production feeding Read More
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