Spain
Green Hydrogen and Social Sciences: Issues, Problems, and Future Challenges
Dec 2022
Publication
The article presents a review of the research on green hydrogen from the social sciences identifying its main lines of research its problems and the relevant challenges due to the benefits and impacts that this energy vector has on energy transitions and climate change. The review analyzes a corpus of 78 articles indexed in the Web of Science (WoS) and SCOPUS published between 1997 and 2022. The review identified three research areas related to green Read More
Statistics, Lessons Learned and Recommendations from Analysis of HIAD 2.0 Database
Mar 2022
Publication
The manuscript firstly describes the data collection and validation process for the European Hydrogen Incidents and Accidents Database (HIAD 2.0) a public repository tool collecting systematic data on hydrogen-related incidents and near-misses. This is followed by an overview of HIAD 2.0 which currently contains 706 events. Subsequently the approaches and procedures followed by the authors to derive lessons learned and formulate recommendations fro Read More
Decarbonizing Vehicle Transportation with Hydrogen from Biomass Gasification: An Assessment in the Nigerian Urban Environment
Apr 2022
Publication
Tailpipe emissions from vehicles consist of CO2 and other greenhouse gases which con‐ tribute immensely to the rise in global temperatures. Green hydrogen produced from the gasification of biomass can reduce the amount of CO2 emissions to zero. This study aims to provide a modelling framework to optimize the production of hydrogen from biomass waste obtained from different cities for use in the road transport sector in Nigeria. A gasification model Read More
Safe Processing Route for the Synthesis of MG Based Metallic Hydrides
Sep 2009
Publication
Metallic hydrides represent a safe way of storing hydrogen minimising explosion and flammability risks. Nowadays there are several methods for the storage of hydrogen and the more conventional techniques are high-pressure tanks for gaseous hydrogen and cryogenic vessels for liquid hydrogen. However there are two main drawbacks in the storage of gaseous and liquid hydrogen. First as a fuel hydrogen in the gaseous and liquid states is very combustibl Read More
Hydrogenation and Dehydrogenation of Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers: A New Opportunity for Carbon-Based Catalysts
Jan 2022
Publication
The development of a hydrogen-based economy is the perfect nexus between the need of discontinuing the use of fossil fuels (trying to mitigate climate change) the development of a system based on renewable energy (with the use of hydrogen allowing us to buffer the discontinuities produced in this generation) and the achievement of a local-based robust energy supply system. However extending the use of hydrogen as an energy vector mus Read More
Compatibility of Materials with Hydrogen Particular Case- Hydrogen Assisted Stress Cracking of Titanium Alloys
Sep 2007
Publication
A review of the effect of hydrogen on materials is addressed in this paper. General aspects of the interaction of hydrogen and materials hydrogen embrittlement low temperature effects material suitability for hydrogen service and materials testing are the main subjects considered in the first part of the paper. As a particular case of the effect of hydrogen in materials the hydride formation of titanium alloys is considered. Alpha titanium alloys are c Read More
New Insights into the Electrochemical Behaviour of Porous Carbon Electrodes for Supercapacitors
Aug 2018
Publication
Activated carbons with different surface chemistry and porous textures were used to study the mechanism of electrochemical hydrogen and oxygen evolution in supercapacitor devices. Cellulose precursor materials were activated with different potassium hydroxide (KOH) ratios and the electrochemical behaviour was studied in 6 M KOH electrolyte. In situ Raman spectra were collected to obtain the structural changes of the activated carbons unde Read More
Hydrogen Roadmap: A Commitment to Renewable Hydrogen - Executive Summary
Oct 2020
Publication
This Hydrogen Roadmap aims to identify the challenges and opportunities for the full development of renewable hydrogen in Spain providing a series of measures aimed at boosting investment action taking advantage of the European consensus on the role that this energy vector should play in the context of green recovery. This Roadmap is therefore aligned with the 2021 Annual Sustainable Growth Strategy published by the European Commission whic Read More
International Association for Hydrogen Safety ‘Research Priorities Workshop’, September 2018, Buxton, UK
Sep 2018
Publication
Hydrogen has the potential to be used by many countries as part of decarbonising the future energy system. Hydrogen can be used as a fuel ‘vector’ to store and transport energy produced in low-carbon ways. This could be particularly important in applications such as heating and transport where other solutions for low and zero carbon emission are difficult. To enable the safe uptake of hydrogen technologies it is important to develop the international scien Read More
Optimization of a Solar Hydrogen Storage System: Safety Considerations
Sep 2007
Publication
Hydrogen has been extensively used in many industrial applications for more than 100 years including production storage transport delivery and final use. Nevertheless the goal of the hydrogen energy system implies the use of hydrogen as an energy carrier in a more wide scale and for a public not familiarised with hydrogen technologies and properties.The road to the hydrogen economy passes by the development of safe practices in the production stor Read More
Achievements of European Projects on Membrane Reactor for Hydrogen Production
May 2017
Publication
Membrane reactors for hydrogen production can increase both the hydrogen production efficiency at small scale and the electric efficiency in micro-cogeneration systems when coupled with Polymeric Electrolyte Membrane fuel cells. This paper discusses the achievements of three European projects (FERRET FluidCELL BIONICO) which investigate the application of the membrane reactor concept to hydrogen production and micro-cogeneration Read More
End of Life of Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Products: From Technologies to Strategies
Feb 2019
Publication
End-of-Life (EoL) technologies and strategies are needed to support the deployment of fuel cells and hydrogen (FCH) products. This article explores current and novel EoL technologies to recover valuable materials from the stacks of proton exchange membrane fuel cells and water electrolysers alkaline water electrolysers and solid oxide fuel cells. Current EoL technologies are mainly based on hydrometallurgical and pyro-hydrometallurgical methods for Read More
A Review of Techno-economic Data for Road Transportation Fuels
May 2019
Publication
Worldwide the road transport sector typically arises as one of the main sources of air pollutants due to its high energy intensity and the use of fossil fuels. Thus governments and social agents work on the development and prospective planning of decarbonisation strategies oriented towards sustainable transport. In this regard the increase in the use of alternative fuels is the recurrent approach to energy planning e.g. through the promotion of ele Read More
Integration of Gas Switching Combustion and Membrane Reactors for Exceeding 50% Efficiency in Flexible IGCC Plants with Near-zero CO2 Emissions
Jul 2020
Publication
Thermal power plants face substantial challenges to remain competitive in energy systems with high shares of variable renewables especially inflexible integrated gasification combined cycles (IGCC). This study addresses this challenge through the integration of Gas Switching Combustion (GSC) and Membrane Assisted Water Gas Shift (MAWGS) reactors in an IGCC plant for flexible electricity and/or H2 production with inherent CO2 capture. Wh Read More
Hydrogen Production by Steam Reforming of Ethanol on Rh-Pt Catalysts: Influence of CeO2, ZrO2, and La2O3 as Supports
Nov 2015
Publication
CeO2- ZrO2- and La2O3-supported Rh-Pt catalysts were tested to assess their ability to catalyze the steam reforming of ethanol (SRE) for H2 production. SRE activity tests were performed using EtOH:H2O:N2 (molar ratio 1:3:51) at a gaseous space velocity of 70600 h−1 between 400 and 700 °C at atmospheric pressure. The SRE stability of the catalysts was tested at 700 °C for 27 h time on stream under the same conditions. RhPt/CeO2 which showed the Read More
A Novel Self-Assembly Strategy for the Fabrication of Nano-Hybrid Satellite Materials with Plasmonically Enhanced Catalytic Activity
Jun 2021
Publication
The generation of hydrogen from water using light is currently one of the most promising alternative energy sources for humankind but faces significant barriers for large-scale applications due to the low efficiency of existing photo-catalysts. In this work we propose a new route to fabricate nano-hybrid materials able to deliver enhanced photo-catalytic hydrogen evolution combining within the same nanostructure a plasmonic antenna nanoparticl Read More
Analysis of Environmentally Assisted Cracking Processes in Notched Steels Using the Point Method
Sep 2019
Publication
This paper proposes the use of the Point Method (PM) to analyse Environmentally Assisted Cracking (EAC) processes in steels containing U-shaped notches. The PM a methodology included within the Theory of Critical Distances (TCD) has been extensively validated by many authors for the analysis of fracture and fatigue phenomena of different types of materials containing notches. However it has never been applied to other critical or subcritical cracking p Read More
Techno-economic Modelling of Water Electrolysers in the Range of Several MW to Provide Grid Services While Generating Hydrogen for Different Applications: A Case Study in Spain Applied to Mobility with FCEVs
Jun 2019
Publication
The use of hydrogen as energy carrier is a promising option to decarbonize both energy and transport sectors. This paper presents an advanced techno-economic model for calculation of optimal dispatch of large-scale multi MW electrolysis plants in order to obtain a more accurate evaluation of the feasibility of business cases related to the supply of this fuel for different end uses combined with grid services' provision. The model is applied to the Spanis Read More
The Effect of Heat Treatments on the Constituent Materials of a Nuclear Reactor Pressure Vessel in Hydrogen Environment
Jul 2016
Publication
A nuclear reactor pressure vessel (NRPV) wall is formed by two layer of different materials: an inner layer of stainless steel (cladding material) and an outer layer of low carbon steel (base material) which is highly susceptible to corrosion related phenomena. A reduction of the mechanical properties of both materials forming the wall would appear due to the action of the harsh environment causing hydrogen embrittlement (HE) related phenomena. As Read More
The Role of the Testing Rate on Small Punch Tests for the Estimation of Fracture Toughness in Hydrogen Embrittlement
Dec 2020
Publication
In this paper different techniques to test notched Small Punch (SPT) samples in fracture conditions in aggressive environments are studied based on the comparison of the micromechanisms at different rates. Pre-embrittled samples subsequently tested in air at rates conventionally employed (0.01 and 0.002 mm/s) are compared to embrittled ones tested in environment at the same rates (0.01 and 0.002 mm/s) and at a very slow rate (5E-5 mm/s). A se Read More
No more items...