Sustainable Integration of Green Hydrogen in Renewable Energy Systems for Residential and EV Applications

The surge in interest surrounding renewable energy stems from concerns regarding pollution and the finite supply ofnonrenewable resources. Solar PV and wind hybrid renewable energy systems (HRES) are increasingly recognized as practicaland cost-effective solutions, particularly in remote areas. However, the intermittent nature of solar and wind power presents achallenge. To address this, incorporating a hydrogen source into the system has been proposed. This study focuses onmodelling and sizing a hybrid energy system tailored for remote areas, accommodating both home and electric vehicle loads.The simulation is conducted for Siliguri, West Bengal, India, with the goal of optimizing productivity, minimizing expenses,and considering economic factors using HOMER Pro software. The integration of green hydrogen-based power generationwith photovoltaic and wind HRES emerges as an effective solution. Solar power, in particular, showcases promisingopportunities for the electrolysis process and HRES systems. The presented work facilitates the modelling of a green hydrogen-based green energy system, taking into account capacity, cost, and emission constraints. Various case studies are conducted toenhance system efficiency and reduce the costs of energy (COE). In this paper, three cases of grid-connected and three cases ofoff-grid or grid-disconnected systems are considered for highlighting the benefits of hydrogen energy incorporation in bothtypes of systems. This research contributes to sustainable energy solutions, advancing a greener and more efficient energylandscape, especially in addressing the recent development in load combinations of home and electric vehicle loads in bothgrid-connected as well as grid-disconnected system.