Singapore

Hydrogen energy with environment amicable renewable efficiency and cost-effective advantages is the future mainstream substitution of fossil-based fuel. However the extremely low volumetric density gives rise to the main challenge in hydrogen storage and therefore exploring effective storage techniques is key hurdles that need to be crossed to accomplish the sustainable hydrogen economy. Hydrogen physically or chemically stored into nanomaterial Read More

As a signatory to the Paris Agreement Singapore is committed to achieving net-zero carbon emissions in the second half of the century. In this paper we propose a decarbonization roadmap for Singapore based on an analysis of Singapore’s energy landscape and a technology mapping exercise. This roadmap consists of four major components. The first component which also underpins the other three components is using centralized post-combustion ca Read More

Producing hydrogen by water electrolysis suffers from the kinetic barriers in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) that limits the overall efficiency. With spin-dependent kinetics in OER to manipulate the spin ordering of ferromagnetic OER catalysts (e.g. by magnetization) can reduce the kinetic barrier. However most active OER catalysts are not ferromagnetic which makes the spin manipulation challenging. In this work we report a strategy with spin pinnin Read More

Today as a result of the advancement of technology and increasing environmental problems the need for clean energy has considerably increased. In this regard hydrogen which is a clean and sustainable energy carrier with high energy density is among the well-regarded and effective means to deliver and store energy and can also be used for environmental remediation purposes. Renewable hydrogen energy carriers can successfully substitute fossil Read More

The ever-increasing demand for energy coupled with dwindling fossil fuel resources make the establishment of a clean and sustainable energy system a compelling need. Hydrogen-based energy systems offer potential solutions. Although in the long-term the ultimate technological challenge is large-scale hydrogen production from renewable sources the pressing issue is how to store hydrogen efficiently on board hydrogen fuel-cell vehicles.

The falling cost of making hydrogen from wind and solar power offers a promising route to cutting emissions in some of the most fossil fuel dependent sectors of the economy such as steel heavy-duty vehicles shipping and cement.Hydrogen Economy Outlook a new and independent global study from research firm BloombergNEF (BNEF) finds that clean hydrogen could be deployed in the decades to come to cut up to 34% of global greenhouse g Read More

This study presents an approach for estimating fuel boil‐off behaviour in cryogenic energy carrier ships such as future liquid hydrogen (LH2) carriers. By relying on thermodynamic model‐ ling and empirical formulas for ship motion and propulsion the approach can be used to investigate boil‐off as a function of tank properties weather conditions and operating velocities during a laden voyage. The model is first calibrated against data from a liquefied natu Read More

Gasification of municipal solid waste (MSW) with subsequent utilization of syngas in gas engines/turbines and solid oxide fuel cells can substantially increase the power generation of waste-to-energy facilities and optimize the utilization of wastes as a sustainable energy resources. However purification of syngas to remove multiple impurities such as particulates tar HCl alkali chlorides and sulfur species is required. This study investigates the feasibility of high t Read More

To accelerate clean energy transition China has explored the potential of hydrogen as an energy carrier since 2001. Until 2020 49 national hydrogen policies were enacted. This paper explores the relevance of these policies to the development of the hydrogen industry and energy transition in China. We examine the reasons impacts and challenges of Chinese national hydrogen policies through the conceptual framework of Thomas Dye’s policy analysis met Read More

The greenhouse effect has always been a problem troubling various country many fields have made corresponding technological improvements and regulations and the shipping industry is no exception. In the shipping field governments are actively looking for viable low-carbon/zero-carbon alternative fuels to reduce their dependence on traditional fossil fuels. This paper discusses the challenges and opportunities of replacing fuel oil with clean e Read More

The liquid chemical hydrogen storage technology has great potentials for high-density hydrogen storage and transportation at ambient temperature and pressure. However its commercial applications highly rely on the high-performance heterogeneous dehydrogenation catalysts owing to the dehydrogenation difficulty of chemical hydrogen storage materials. In recent years the chemists and materials scientists found that the supported metal nanopartic Read More

Singapore has committed to achieving net zero emissions by 2050 which requires the pursuit of multiple decarbonization pathways. CO2 utilization methods such as fuel production may provide a fast interim solution for carbon abatement. This paper evaluates the feasibility of green hydrogen-based synthetic fuel (synfuel) production as a method for utilizing captured CO2. We consider several scenarios: a baseline scenario with no changes local production o Read More

Globally climate change fossil fuel depletion and greenhouse emissions are fundamental problems requiring massive effort from the international scientific community to be addressed and solved. Following the Clean Energy for all Europeans Package (CEP) guidelines the Italian Government has established challenging and tight objectives both on energy and climate matter to be targeted by 2030. Accordingly research activities on different topics are Read More

The blending of hydrogen gas into natural gas pipelines is an effective way of achieving the goal of carbon neutrality. Due to the large differences in the calorific values of natural gas from different sources the calorific value of natural gas after mixing with hydrogen may not meet the quality requirements of natural gas and the quality of natural gas entering long-distance natural gas and urban gas pipelines also has different requirements. Therefore it Read More

The electric unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are rapidly growing due to their abilities to perform some difficult or dangerous tasks as well as many public services including real-time monitoring wireless coverage search and rescue wildlife surveys and precision agriculture. However the electrochemical power supply system of UAV is a critical issue in terms of its energy/power densities and lifetime for service endurance. In this paper the current power s Read More

Catalytic decomposition of methane (CDM) is a novel technology for turquoise hydrogen production with solid carbon as the by-product instead of CO2. A computational fluid dynamics model was developed to simulate the CDM process in a 3D fixed bed reactor accounting for the impact of carbon deposition on catalytic activity. The model was validated with experimental data and demonstrated its capability to predict hydrogen concentration and catalyst Read More

Hydrogen has emerged as a new energy vector beyond its usual role as an industrial feedstock primarily for the production of ammonia methanol and petroleum refining. In addition to environmental sustainability issues energy-scarce developed countries such as Japan and Korea are also facing an energy security issue and hydrogen or hydrogen carriers such as ammonia and methylcyclohexane seem to be options to address these long-term energ Read More

A 3.5 tonne forklift containing proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) and lithium-ion batteries was manufactured and tested in a real factory. The work efficiency and economic applicability of the PEMFC forklift were compared with that of a lithium-ion battery-powered forklift. The results showed that the back-pressure of air was closely related to the power density of the stack whose stability could be improved by a reasonable control strategy a Read More

The global resurgence of hydrogen as a clean energy source particularly green hydrogen derived from renewable energy is pivotal for achieving a carbon-neutral future. However scalability poses a significant challenge. This research proposes innovative business models leveraging the low-emission property of green hydrogen to reduce its financial costs thereby fostering its widespread adoption. Key components of the business workflow are elaborated Read More

The use of hydrogen as a source of fuel for marine applications is relatively nascent. As the maritime industry pivots to the use of alternate low and zero-emission fuels to adapt to a changing regulatory landscape hydrogen energy needs to present and substantiate a technical and commercially viable use case to secure its value proposition in the future fuel mix. This paper leverages the technoeconomic and environmental assessment previously perform Read More

The use of alternative fuels is a primary means for decarbonising the maritime industry. Liquefied natural gas (LNG) liquid hydrogen (LH2) and liquid ammonia (LNH3) are liquified gases among the alternative fuels. The safety risks associated with these fuels differ from traditional fuels. In addition to their low-temperature hazards the flammability of LNG and LH2 and the high toxicity of LNH3 present challenges in fuel handlings due to their high likeli Read More