Poland

One of the many barriers to decarbonization and decentralization of the energy sector in developing countries is the economic uncertainty. As such this study scrutinizes economics of three grid-independent hybrid renewable-based systems proposed to co-generate electricity and heat for a small-scale load. Accordingly the under-study systems are simulated and optimized with the aid of HOMER Pro software. Here a 20-year average value of discount Read More

The subject of this study is the analysis of influence of capillary threshold pressure and injection well location on the dynamic CO2 and H2 storage capacity for the Lower Jurassic reservoir of the Sierpc structure from central Poland. The results of injection modeling allowed us to compare the amount of CO2 and H2 that the considered structure can store safely over a given time interval. The modeling was performed using a single well for 30 different locations Read More

The study proposes a comprehensive framework to support the development of green hydrogen production including the establishment of legal and regulatory frameworks investment incentives and public-private partnerships. Using official and public data from government agencies the potential of renewable energy sources is studied and some reasonable assumptions are made so that a full study and evaluation of hydrogen production in th Read More

This article presents a 3D model of a yellow hydrogen generation system that uses the electricity produced by a photovoltaic carport. The 3D models of all key system components were collected and their characteristics were described. Based on the design of the 3D model of the photovoltaic carport the amount of energy produced monthly was determined. These quantities were then applied to determine the production of low-emission hydrogen. Read More

Alternative fuels such as hydrogen compressed natural gas and liquefied natural gas are considered as feasible energy carriers. Selected positive factors from the EU climate and energy policy on achieving climate neutrality by 2050 highlighted the need for the gradual expansion of the infrastructure for alternative fuel. In this research continuity equations and the first and second laws of thermodynamics were used to develop a theoretical model t Read More

This article presents a novel approach to the analysis of heat release in a hydrogen-fueled internal combustion spark-ignition engine with exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). It also discusses aspects of thermodynamic analysis common to modeling and empirical analysis. This new approach concerns a novel method of calculating the specific heat ratio (cp/cv) and takes into account the reduction in the number of moles during combustion which is char Read More

Building a hydrogen economy is perceived as a way to achieve the decarbonization goals set out in the Paris Agreement to limit global warming as well as to meet the goals resulting from the European Green Deal for the decarbonization of Europe. This article presents a literature review of various aspects of this economy. The full added value chain of hydrogen was analyzed from its production through to storage transport distribution and use in various ec Read More

Thanks to investments in diversifying the supply of natural gas Poland did not encounter any gas supply issues in 2022 when gas imports from Russia were ceased due to the Russian Federation’s armed intervention in Ukraine. Over the past few years the supply of gas from routes other than the eastern route has substantially grown particularly the supplies of liquefied natural gas (LNG) via the LNG terminal in Swinouj´scie. The growing proportion of LNG Read More

Achieving the required decarbonisation targets by the shipping industry requires a transition to technologies with zero or near-zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. One promising shipping fuel with zero emission of exhaust gases (including CO2) is green hydrogen. This type of fuel recognised as a 100% clean solution is being investigated for feasible use on a service offshore vessel (SOV) working for offshore wind farms. This study aims to examine whet Read More

A 10 kW PEMFC (polymer exchange membrane fuel cell) stack consisting of two 5 kW modules (A) and (B) connected in series with a multi-function controller unit was constructed and tested. The electrical performance of the V-shaped PEMFC stack was investigated under constant and variable electrical load. It was found that the PEMFC stack was capable of supplying the required 10 kW of electrical power. An optimised purification process via ‘purge’ or humi Read More

Acceleration of the hydrogen economy is being observed on a global scale. It is considered to be a potential solution to the problems with high-carbon energy industry and transport systems. The potential of production cost-competitiveness and opportunities are currently being investigated to provide insights to policymakers researchers and industry. In this context this study makes a quantitative assessment of the competitiveness of hydrogen storage co Read More

Energy and environmental challenges are two key issues related to the sustainable development of the Earth. Fossil fuels (oil coal and natural gas) still supply more than 85% of world energy consumption. Several nations around the globe are striving to provide access to clean and sustainable energy by 2030 (Hostettler et al. 2015). When the Paris Agreement entered into force in 2016 many countries have recently announced serious commitments to si Read More

Green hydrogen produced by water electrolysis using renewable energy sources (RES) is an emerging technology that aligns with sustainable development goals and efforts to address climate change. In addition to energy electrolyzers require ultrapure water to operate. Although seawater is abundant on the Earth it must be desalinated and further purified to meet the electrolyzer’s feeding water quality requirements. This paper reviews seawater purifi Read More

The paper discusses potential hazards at hydrogen refueling stations for transportation vehicles: cars and trucks. The main hazard analyzed here is an uncontrolled gas release due to a failure in one of the structures in the station: storage tanks of different pressure levels or a dispenser. This may lead to a hydrogen cloud occurring near the source of the release or at a given distance. The range of the cloud was analyzed in connection to the amount Read More

Currently modern hydrogen technologies due to their low or zero emissions constitute one of the key elements of energy transformation and sustainable development. The growing interest in hydrogen is driven by the European climate policy aimed at limiting the use of fossil fuels for energy purposes. Although not all opinions regarding the technical and economic potential of hydrogen energy are positive many prepared forecasts and analyses show its pr Read More

Acting in accordance with the requirements of the 2015 Paris Agreement Poland as well as other European Union countries have committed to achieving climate neutrality by 2050. One of the solutions to reduce emissions of harmful substances into the environment is the implementation of large-scale hydrogen technologies. This article presents the cost of producing green hydrogen produced using an alkaline electrolyzer with electricity supplied Read More

This article presents the concept of green transformation of the coal mining sector. Pump stations that belong to Spółka Restrukturyzacji Kopal´n S.A. (SRK S.A. Bytom Poland) pump out approximately 100 million m3 of mine water annually. These pump stations protect neighboring mines and lower-lying areas from flooding and protect subsurface aquifers from contamination. The largest cost component of maintaining a pumping station is the expenditu Read More

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have become an integral part of modern life serving both civilian and military applications across various sectors. However existing power supply systems such as batteries often fail to provide stable long-duration flights limiting their applications. Previous studies have primarily focused on battery-based power which offers limited flight endurance due to lower energy densities and higher system mass. Proton exchange m Read More

The study examines the methods for producing hydrogen using solar energy as a catalyst. The two commonly recognised categories of processes are direct and indirect. Due to the indirect processes low efficiency excessive heat dissipation and dearth of readily available heat-resistant materials they are ranked lower than the direct procedures despite the direct procedures superior thermal performance. Electrolysis bio photosynthesis and thermoelectric Read More

The large-scale deployment of technologies that enable energy from renewables is essential for a successful transition to a carbon-neutral future. While photovoltaic panels are one of the main technologies commonly used for harvesting energy from the Sun storage of renewable solar energy still presents some challenges and often requires integration with additional devices. It is believed that hydrogen – being a perfect energy carrier – can become Read More

The interaction of a shock wave with a specific angle or concave wall due to its reflection and focusing is a way to onset the detonation provided sufficiently strong shock wave. In this work we present numerical simulation results of the detonation initiation due to the shock reflection and focusing in a 90-degree wedge for mixtures of H2 and air. The code used was ddtFoam [1–3] that is a component of the larger OpenFOAM open-source CFD package of de Read More

The European Union continues to lead global efforts toward climate neutrality by developing a cohesive regulatory and market framework for alternative fuels including renewable hydrogen. This review article critically examines the recent evolution of the EU’s policy landscape specifically for hydrogen as a renewable fuel of non-biological origin (RFNBO) highlighting its growing importance in hard-to-abate sectors such as industry and transportation. Read More

Adverse climate change has forced a deeper reflection on the scale of pollution related to human activity including in the aviation industry. As a result fundamental questions have arisen about the characteristics of these pollutants the mechanisms of their formation and potential strategies for reducing them. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of key technical solutions to minimize the environmental impact of aircraft engines. The solu Read More

Alternative fuel opportunities can satisfy energy security and reduce carbon emissions. In this regard the hydrogen fuel is derived from the source of environmental pollutants like sewage and algae wastewater through hydrothermal gasification technique using a KOH catalyst with varied gasification process parameters of duration and temperature of 6–30 min and 500-800 ◦C. The novelty of the work is to identify the optimum gasification proc Read More

The deployment of large installed power capacities from intermittent renewable energy sources requires balancing to ensure the steady and safe operation of the electrical grid. New methods of energy storage are essential to store excess electrical power when energy is not needed and later use it during high-demand periods both in the short and long term. Power-to-Gas (P2G) is an energy storage solution that uses electric power produced from renew Read More