Japan
The Effect of Graphite Size on Hydrogen Absorption and Tensile Properties of Ferritic Ductile Cast Iron
Jun 2019
Publication
Ductile cast iron (DCI) is one of prospective materials used for the hydrogen equipment because of low-cost good workability and formability. The wide range of mechanical properties of DCI is obtained by controlling microstructural factors such as graphite size volume fraction of graphite matrix structure and so on. Therefore it is important to find out an optimal microstructural condition that is less susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement. In this study the ef Read More
Hydrogen Storage Mechanism in Sodium-Based Graphene Nanoflakes: A Density Functional Theory Study
Jan 2022
Publication
Carbon materials such as graphene nanoflakes carbon nanotubes and fullerene can be widely used to store hydrogen and doping these materials with lithium (Li) generally increases their H2 -storage densities. Unfortunately Li is expensive; therefore alternative metals are required to realize a hydrogen-based society. Sodium (Na) is an inexpensive element with chemical properties that are similar to those of lithium. In this study we used density functiona Read More
Comparison of Regulations Codes and Standards for Hydrogen Refueling Stations in Japan and France
Sep 2019
Publication
The states of Regulations Codes and Standards (RCS) of hydrogen refueling stations (HRSs) in Japan and France are compared and specified items to understand correspondence and differences among each RCSs for realizing harmonization in RCS. Japan has been trying to reform its RCSs to reduce HRS installation and operation costs as a governmental target. Specific crucial regulatory items such as safety distances mitigation means materials fo Read More
Observation of the Hydrogen Dispersion by Using Raman Scattering Measurement and Increase of Measurable Distance
Sep 2017
Publication
Preparing for the arrival of the hydrogen society it is necessary to develop suitable sensors to use hydrogen safely. There are many methods to know the hydrogen concentration by using conventional sensors but it is difficult to know the behavior of hydrogen gas from long distance. This study measured hydrogen dispersion by using Raman scattering light. Generally some delays occur when using conventional sensors but there are almost no delay Read More
Numerical Investigation of Detonation in Stratified Combustible Mixture and Oxidizer with Concentration Gradients
Sep 2019
Publication
Hydrogen leakage in a closed space is one of the causes of serious accidents because of its high detonability. Assuming the situation that hydrogen is accumulated in a closed space two-dimensional numerical simulation for hydrogen oxygen detonation which propagates in stratified fuel and oxidizer with concentration gradient is conducted by using detailed chemical reaction model. The concentration gradient between fuel and oxidizer is expresse Read More
The Study on Permissible Value of Hydrogen Gas Concentration in Purge Gas of Fuel Cell Vehicles
Sep 2019
Publication
Ignition conditions and risks of ignition on a permissible value of hydrogen concentration in purge gas prescribed by HFCV-GTR were reevaluated. Experiments were conducted to investigate burning behavior and thermal influence of continuous evacuation of hydrogen under continuous purge of air / hydrogen premixed gas which is close to an actual purge condition of FCV and thermal evacuation of hydrogen. As a result of the re-evaluation it Read More
Hydrogen: A Reviewable Energy Perspective
Sep 2019
Publication
Hydrogen has emerged as an important part of the clean energy mix needed to ensure a sustainable future. Falling costs for hydrogen produced with renewable energy combined with the urgency of cutting greenhouse-gas emissions has given clean hydrogen unprecedented political and business momentum.This paper from the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) examines the potential of hydrogen fuel for hard-to-decarbonise Read More
Near-term Location of Hydrogen Refueling Stations in Yokohama City from the Perspective of Safety
Sep 2019
Publication
The roll-out of hydrogen refuelling stations is a key step in the transition to a hydrogen economy. Since Japan has been shifting from the demonstration stage to the implementation stage of a hydrogen economy a near-term city-level roll-out plan is required. The aim of this study is to plan near-term locations for building hydrogen refuelling stations in Yokohama City from a safety perspective. Our planning provides location information for hydrogen refuellin Read More
Effect of Gasoline Pool Fire on Liquid Hydrogen Storage Tank in Hybrid Hydrogen-gasoline Fueling Station
Nov 2015
Publication
Multiple-energy-fuelling stations which can supply several types of energy such as gasoline CNG and hydrogen could guarantee the efficient use of space. To guide the safety management of hybrid hydrogen–gasoline fuelling stations which utilize liquid hydrogen as an energy carrier the scale of gasoline pool fires was estimated using the hazard assessment tool Toxic Release Analysis of Chemical Emissions (TRACE). Subsequently the temperature and the str Read More
Unusual Hydrogen Implanted Gold with Lattice Contraction at Increased Hydrogen Content
Mar 2021
Publication
The experimental evidence for the contraction of volume of gold implanted with hydrogen at low doses is presented. The contraction of lattice upon the addition of other elements is very rare and extraordinary in the solid-state not only for gold but also for many other solids. To explain the underlying physics the pure kinetic theory of absorption is not adequate and the detailed interaction of hydrogen in the lattice needs to be clarified. Our analysis poin Read More
Influence of Hydrogen for Crack Formation during Mechanical Clinching
Jan 2018
Publication
Hydrogen intrudes into the steel during pickling process which is a pre-processing before a joining process promoting crack formation. In a mechanical clinching which is one of joining method in the automotive industry cracks due to large strain sometimes forms. In order to guarantee reliability it is important to clarify the influence of hydrogen on crack formation of the joint. In this study we clarified the influence of hydrogen for the crack formation on t Read More
Strain Rate Sensitivity of Microstructural Damage Evolution in a Dual-Phase Steel Pre-Charged with Hydrogen
Dec 2018
Publication
We evaluated the strain rate sensitivity of the micro-damage evolution behavior in a ferrite/martensite dual-phase steel. The micro-damage evolution behavior can be divided into three regimes: damage incubation damage arrest and damage growth. All regimes are associated with local deformability. Thus the total elongation of DP steels is determined by a combination of plastic damage initiation resistance and damage growth arrestability. This fact i Read More
Tensile and Fatigue Properties of 17-4PH Martensitic Stainless Steels in Presence of Hydrogen
Dec 2019
Publication
Effects of hydrogen on slow-strain-rate tensile (SSRT) and fatigue-life properties of 17-4PH H1150 martensitic stainless steel having an ultimate tensile strength of ~1GPa were investigated. Smooth and circumferentially-notched axisymmetric specimens were used for the SSRT and fatigue-life tests respectively. The fatigue-life tests were done to investigate the hydrogen effect on fatigue crack growth (FCG) properties. The specimens tested in Read More
Materials for Hydrogen-based Energy Storage - Past, Recent Progress and Future Outlook
Dec 2019
Publication
Michael Hirscher,
Volodymyr A. Yartys,
Marcello Baricco,
José Bellosta von Colbe,
Didier Blanchard,
Robert C. Bowman Jr.,
Darren P. Broom,
Craig Buckley,
Fei Chang,
Ping Chen,
Young Whan Cho,
Jean-Claude Crivello,
Fermin Cuevas,
William I. F. David,
Petra E. de Jongh,
Roman V. Denys,
Martin Dornheim,
Michael Felderhoff,
Yaroslav Filinchuk,
George E. Froudakis,
David M. Grant,
Evan MacA. Gray,
Bjørn Christian Hauback,
Teng He,
Terry D. Humphries,
Torben R. Jensen,
Sangryun Kim,
Yoshitsugu Kojima,
Michel Latroche,
Hai-wen Li,
Mykhaylo V. Lototskyy,
Joshua W. Makepeace,
Kasper T. Møller,
Lubna Naheed,
Peter Ngene,
Dag Noreus,
Magnus Moe Nygård,
Shin-ichi Orimo,
Mark Paskevicius,
Luca Pasquini,
Dorthe B. Ravnsbæk,
M. Veronica Sofianos,
Terrence J. Udovic,
Tejs Vegge,
Gavin Walker,
Colin Webb,
Claudia Weidenthaler and
Claudia Zlotea
Globally the accelerating use of renewable energy sources enabled by increased efficiencies and reduced costs and driven by the need to mitigate the effects of climate change has significantly increased research in the areas of renewable energy production storage distribution and end-use. Central to this discussion is the use of hydrogen as a clean efficient energy vector for energy storage. This review by experts of Task 32 “Hydrogen-based Energy Read More
A Multiobjective Optimization of a Catalyst Distribution in a Methane/Steam Reforming Reactor Using a Genetic Algorithm
May 2020
Publication
The presented research focuses on an optimization design of a catalyst distribution inside a small-scale methane/steam reforming reactor. A genetic algorithm was used for the multiobjective optimization which included the search for an optimum of methane conversion rate and a minimum of the difference between highest and lowest temperatures in the reactor. For the sake of computational time the maximal number of the segment with Read More
Interfacial Fracture Strength Property of Micro-scale SiN/Cu Components
Jul 2016
Publication
The strength against fracture nucleation from an interface free-edge of silicon-nitride (SiN)/copper (Cu) micro-components is evaluated. A special technique that combines a nano-indenter specimen holder and an environmental transmission electron microscope (E-TEM) is employed. The critical load at the onset of fracture nucleation from a wedge-shaped free-edge (opening angle: 90°) is measured both in a vacuum and in a hydrogen (H2) environment a Read More
Simulation of a Multi-Functional Energy System for Cogeneration of Steam, Power and Hydrogen in a Coke Making Plant
Mar 2013
Publication
In this paper a multifunctional energy system (MES) is proposed for recovering energy from the extra of coke oven gas (COG) which is usually flared or vented out as a waste stream in coke making plants. The proposed system consists of a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) unit for extracting some of the hydrogen from COG a gas turbine for producing heat and power from PSA offgas and a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) for generating the Read More
Energy Modeling Approach to the Global Energy-mineral Nexus: Exploring Metal Requirements and the Well-below 2 °C Target with 100 Percent Renewable Energy
Jun 2018
Publication
Detailed analysis of pathways to future sustainable energy systems is important in order to identify and overcome potential constraints and negative impacts and to increase the utility and speed of this transition. A key aspect of a shift to renewable energy technologies is their relatively higher metal intensities. In this study a bottom-up cost-minimizing energy model is used to calculate aggregate metal requirements in different energy technology including h Read More
Assessing Uncertainties of Well-To-Tank Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Hydrogen Supply Chains
Jun 2017
Publication
Hydrogen is a promising energy carrier in the clean energy systems currently being developed. However its effectiveness in mitigating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions requires conducting a lifecycle analysis of the process by which hydrogen is produced and supplied. This study focuses on the hydrogen for the transport sector in particular renewable hydrogen that is produced from wind- or solar PV-powered electrolysis. A life cycle inventory analysis is co Read More
The Impact of Operating Conditions on the Performance of a CH4 Dry Reforming Membrane Reactor for H2 Production
May 2020
Publication
Biogas is a promising resource for the production of H2 since it liberates energy by recycling waste along with the reduction of CO2. In this paper the biogas dry reforming membrane reactor is proposed to produce H2 for use in fuel cells. Pd/Cu alloy membrane is used to enhance the performance of the biogas dry reforming reactor. This study aims at understanding the effect of operating parameters such as feed ratio of sweep gas pressure in the reacto Read More
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