Applications & Pathways

A coalition of 40 industrial companies and government organizations financially supported by the FCH JU elaborated a technology neutral and fact-based comparative study on eight different powertrain technologies for urban buses in Europe from 2012 to 2030.According to the results of the study only fully electric powertrain buses (based on hydrogen batteries or trolley system) have the potential to achieve zero local emissions by drastically reducin Read More

Fuel cells and hydrogen are a viable solution for European regions and cities to reduce their emissions and realise their green energy transition says new FCH JU study.In 2017 the FCH JU launched an initiative to support regions and cities in this regard. Today 89 regions and cities participate representing about one quarter of Europe's population surface area and GDP. These regions are pursuing ambitious plans to deploy FCH technology in the coming years. F Read More

The chemical looping process where an oxygen carrier is reduced and oxidized in a cyclic manner offers a promising option for hydrogen production through splitting water because of the much higher water splitting efficiency than solar electrocatalytic and photocatalytic process. A typical oxygen carrier has to comprise a significant amount of inert support to maintain stability in multiple redox cycles thereby resulting in a trade-off between the reaction r Read More

The modern steelmaker of advanced high-strength steels has always been challenged with the conflicting targets of increased strength while maintaining or improving ductility. These new steels help the transportation sector including the automotive sector to achieve the goals of increased passenger safety and reduced emissions. With increasing tensile strengths certain steels exhibit an increased sensitivity towards hydrogen embrittlement (HE). The abilit Read More

The world’s shipping fleet is responsible for approximately 0.9 Gt of CO2 emissions annually around 2.9 per cent of the world’s man-made emissions. Under an IEA ‘business as usual’ scenario this is forecast to rise to almost 1.7 Gt per year by 2050. The industry’s principal regulatory body the International Maritime Organization (IMO) aims to reduce world shipping’s greenhouse gas emissions in line with the 2015 Paris Agreement targeting a 50 per c Read More

The heating sector makes up 10% of the United Kingdom’s carbon footprint and residential homes account for a majority of demand. At present central heating from a natural gas-fired boiler is the most common system in the UK but low or zero-carbon hydrogen and renewable electricity are the two primary energy replacement options to reduce the carbon footprint. An important consideration is how using either energy source would affect heating co Read More

The FCH1JU and FCH2JU have proven effective in developing hydrogen technologies to a high Technology Readiness Level (TRL) allowing for large-scale deployment. Yet there is still an important work to be performed in terms of Research and Innovation in order to develop the next generation of products as well as technologies that did not reach a sufficiently high TRL to envisage a large-scale deployment.Within the framework of the preparation of th Read More

Renewable energy has become very popular in recent years. The amount of renewable generation has increased in both grid-connected and stand-alone systems. This is because it can provide clean energy in a cost-effective and environmentally friendly fashion. Among all varieties photovoltaic (PV) is the ultimate rising star. Integration of other technologies with solar is enhancing the efficiency and reliability of the system. In this paper a fuel cell–sol Read More

A rapid transition towards a CO2-neutral steel industry is required to limit climate change. Such a transition raises questions of justice as it entails positive and negative impacts unevenly distributed across societal stakeholders. To enable stakeholders to address such concerns this paper assesses the justice implications of three options that reduce emissions: CO2 capture and storage (CCS) on steel (up to 70%) bio-based steelmaking (up to 50%) and g Read More

About 3 billion people use conventional carbon-based fuels such as wood charcoal and animal dung for their daily cooking needs. Cooking with biomass causes deforestation and habitat loss emissions of greenhouse gases and smoke pollution that affects people’s health and well-being. Hydrogen can play a role in enabling clean and safe cooking by reducing household air pollution and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. This first-of-a-kind review stu Read More