Applications & Pathways

This study aims to present a philosophical and quantitative perspective of a propulsion system for a large-scale hydrogen-fuelled liquid-hydrogen (LH2) tanker ship. Established methods are used to evaluate the design and performance of an LH2-carrier propulsion system for JAMILA a ship designed with four cylindrical LH2 tanks bearing a total capacity of ~280000 m3 along with cargo and using the boil-off as propulsion and power fuel. Additionally the Read More

Fuel cell based micro-combined heat and power (CHP) units used for domestic applications can provide significant cost and environmental benefits for end users and contribute to the UK’s 2050 emissions target by reducing primary energy consumption in dwellings. Lately there has been increased interest in the development of systematic methods for the design of such systems and their smoother integration with domestic building services. Several model Read More

The Energy Systems Catapult (ESC) explored the role of households in a net-zero emissions society to accompany the CCC’s Net Zero report looking at opportunities and challenges for households to reduce emissions from today’s levels and to support the stretch from an 80% emissions reduction to a net-zero greenhouse gas target. As well as describing a net-zero emissions world for households of different types the ESC looked at average househo Read More

Energy–structure–function (ESF) maps can aid the targeted discovery of porous molecular crystals by predicting the stable crystalline arrangements along with their functions of interest. Here we compute ESF maps for a series of rigid molecules that comprise either a triptycene or a spiro-biphenyl core functionalized with six different hydrogen-bonding moieties. We show that the positioning of the hydrogen-bonding sites as well as their number ha Read More

A potentially viable solution to the problem of greenhouse gas emissions by vehicles in the transportation sector is the deployment of hydrogen as alternative fuel. A limitation to the diffusion of the hydrogen‐fuelled vehicles option is the intricate refuelling stations that vehicles will require. This study examines the practical use of hydrogen fuel within the internal combustion engine (ICE)‐powered long‐haul heavy‐duty trucking vehicles. Specifically it appraises Read More

The cost reduction of hydrogen refueling stations (HRSs) is very important for the popularization of hydrogen vehicles. This paper proposes an optimized operation algorithm based on hydrogen energy demand estimation for on-site hydrogen refueling stations. Firstly the user’s hydrogen demand was estimated based on the simulation of their hydrogenation behavior. Secondly mixed integer linear programming method was used to optimize the operation Read More

Tailpipe emissions from vehicles consist of CO2 and other greenhouse gases which con‐ tribute immensely to the rise in global temperatures. Green hydrogen produced from the gasification of biomass can reduce the amount of CO2 emissions to zero. This study aims to provide a modelling framework to optimize the production of hydrogen from biomass waste obtained from different cities for use in the road transport sector in Nigeria. A gasification model Read More

With the rapid development of hydrogen production by water electrolysis the coupling between the electricity-hydrogen system has become closer providing an effective way to consume surplus new energy generation. As a form of centralized management of distributed energy resources virtual power plants can aggregate the integrated energy production and consumption segments in a certain region and participate in electricity market transactions as a Read More

We report the development of new tools and methods for facile integration and meaningful representation of high throughput data generated by genome-wide analyses of the model cyanobacterium Synechocystis PCC6803 for future genetic engineering aiming at increasing its level of hydrogen photoproduction. These robust tools comprise new oligonucleotide DNA microarrays to monitor the transcriptomic responses of all 3725 genes of Read More

This study investigated a pre-cooled turbojet engine for a Mach 5 class hypersonic transport aircraft. The engine was demonstrated under takeoff and Mach 2 flight conditions and a Mach 5 propulsion wind tunnel test is planned. The engine is composed of a pre-cooler a core engine and an afterburner. The engine was tested under simulated Mach 4 conditions using an air supply facility. High-temperature air under high pressure was supplied to the engine co Read More

In this study the authors present a techno-economic assessment of on-site hydrogen refuelling stations (450 kg/day of H2 ) based on different hydrogen sources and production technologies. Green ammonia biogas and water have been considered as hydrogen sources while cracking autothermal reforming and electrolysis have been selected as the hydrogen production technologies. The electric energy requirements of the hydrogen refuelling station Read More

This paper presents a simple hydrogen fuel cell vehicle (HFCV) energy consumption model. Simple fuel/energy consumption models have been developed and employed to estimate the energy and environmental impacts of various transportation projects for internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs) battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). However there are few published results on HFCV energy models that can be simply i Read More

The aim of the presented article is to analyse the influence of synthesis gas composition on the power economic and internal parameters of an atmospheric two-cylinder spark-ignition internal combustion engine (displacement of 686 cm3 ) designed for a micro-cogeneration unit. Synthesis gases produced mainly from waste contain combustible components as their basic material (methane hydrogen and carbon monoxide) as well as inert gases (carbon dio Read More

(Mg-10wt.%Ni)-10wt.%Ce (Mg10Ni10Ce) was ball-milled with SnO2 nanotubes and Mg10Ni10Ce-xSnO2 (x=0 5 10 and 15wt.%) composites have been prepared. The phase compositions microstructures morphologies and hydrolysis H2 generation performance in different aqueous systems (distilled water tap water and simulated seawater) have been investigated and the corresponding hydrolysis mechanism of Mg10Ni10Ce and Mg10Ni10Ce-SnO2 has b Read More

We use a detailed solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) model for micro-grid applications to analyze the effect of failure and degradation on system performance. Design and operational constraints on a component and system level are presented. A degrees of freedom analysis identifies controlled and manipulated system variables which are important for control. Experimental data are included to model complex degradation phenomena of the SOFC unit. Ra Read More

Hydrogen and fuel cell technologies have experienced cycles of high expectations followed by impractical realities. This time around however falling renewable energy and fuel cell prices stringent climate change requirements and the discrete involvement of China are step changes. The combination of these factors is leading to realistic potential for hydrogen’s role in the Grand Transition.Having conducted exploratory interviews with leaders from Read More

Today in order to reduce the increase of the carbon dioxide emissions a large number of renewable energy resources (RES) are already implemented. Considering both the intermittency and uncertainty of the RES the energy storage system (ESS) is still needed for balancing and stabilizing the power system. Among different existing categories of ESS the hydrogen storage systems (HSS) have the highest energy density and are crucial for the RES integr Read More

Hydrogen combustion in a noble gas atmosphere increases the combustion chamber temperature and the high specific heat ratio of the gas increases the thermal efficiency. In this study nitrogen was replaced by argon as the intake air along with pure oxygen to supply the engine. The objectives of this study are to determine the effects of different engine parameters on combustion and to analyse the emissions from hydrogen combustion in an argon-oxyg Read More

With the application of new energy technology hybrid agricultural machinery has been developed. This article designs a hybrid tractor energy management method to solve the problem of high energy consumption caused by significant load fluctuation of the tractor in field operation. This article first analyzes the characteristics of the hydrogen fuel cell power battery and ultracapacitor and designs a hybrid energy system for the tractor. Second the energy Read More

The absorption of CO2 is of importance in carbon capture utilization and storage technology for greenhouse gas control. In the present work we clarified the mechanism of how metal-based ionic liquids (MBILs) Bmim[XCln]m (X is the metal atom) enhance the CO2 absorption capacity of ILs via performing molecular dynamics simulations. The sparse hydrogen bond interaction network constructed by CO2 and MBILs was identified through the radial d Read More

Carbon-based nanocomposites have developed as the most promising and emerging materials in nanoscience and technology during the last several years. They are microscopic materials that range in size from 1 to 100 nanometers. They may be distinguished from bulk materials by their size shape increased surface-to-volume ratio and unique physical and chemical characteristics. Carbon nanocomposite matrixes are often created by combining more Read More

The influence of the previous electrolytic hydrogenation on the micromechanical properties and tribological behavior of the surface layers of iron and carbon steels has been studied. The concentrations of diffusion-moving and residual hydrogen in steels are determined depending on the carbon content. It is shown that the amount of sorbed hydrogen is determined by the density of dislocations and the relative volume of cementite. After desorption of diffusio Read More

Hydrogen as a carbon-free fuel is commonly expected to play a major role in future energy supply e.g. as an admixture gas in natural gas grids. Which impacts on residential and commercial gas appliances can be expected due to the significantly different physical and chemical properties of hydrogen-enriched natural gas? This paper analyses and discusses blends of hydrogen and natural gas from the perspective of combustion science. The ad Read More

This work is aimed at solving the problem of converting diesel power drives to diesel– hydrogen fuels which are more environmentally friendly and less expensive alternatives to diesel fuel. The method of increasing the energy efficiency of diesel fuels has been improved. The thermochemical essence of using methanol as an alternative fuel to increase energy efficiency based on the provisions of thermotechnics is considered. Alternative methanol fuel h Read More

This paper proposes that whilst the exact pathway to decarbonising heat in the UK is not yet clear there are a range of actions that could be taken in the next ten years to shift heat onto the right route to meet our 2050 net zero obligation. We already possess many of the skills and technologies required but there are a number of significant barriers preventing a spontaneous movement towards low carbon heat on the scale required – a starting impulse is ne Read More