Energy and Cost Analysis of a Hydrogen Driven High Speed Passenger Ferry

BACKGROUND: Norway is facing the challenge of reducing transport emissions. High speed crafts(HSC) are the means of transport with highest emissions. Currently there is little literature or experienceof using hydrogen systems for HSC.OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the economic feasibility of fuel cell (FC) powered HSC vs diesel and biodieseltoday, and in a future scenario, based on real world operation profile.
METHOD: Historical AIS position data from the route combined with the speed-power characteristicsof a concept vessel was used to identify the energy and power demand. From the resulting data a suitableFC system was defined, and an economic comparison made based on annual costs including annualizedinvestment and operational costs.
RESULTS: HSC with a FC-system has an annual cost of 12.6 MNOK. It is 28% and 12% more expensivethan diesel and biodiesel alternative, respectively. A sensitivity analysis with respect to 7 key design pa-rameters indicates that highest impact is made by hull energy efficiency, FC system cost and hydrogen fuelcost. In a future scenario (2025–2030) with moderate technology improvements and cost development,the HSC with FC-systems can become competitive with diesel and cheaper than biodiesel.
CONCLUSIONS: HSC with FC-systems may reach cost parity with conventional diesel in the period2025–2030.