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Comparative Study and Optimization of Energy Management Strategies for Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles

Abstract

Fuel cell hybrid systems, due to their combination of the high energy density of fuel cells and the rapid response capability of power batteries, have become an important category of new energy vehicles. This paper discusses energy management strategies in hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. Firstly, a detailed comparative analysis of existing PID control strategies and Adaptive Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategies (A-ECMSs) is conducted. It was found that although A-ECMS can balance the energy utilization of the fuel cell and power battery well, the power fluctuations of the fuel cell are significant, leading to increased hydrogen consumption. Therefore, this paper proposes an improved Adaptive Low-Pass Filter Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy (A-LPF-ECMS). By introducing low-pass filtering technology, transient changes in fuel cell power are smoothed, effectively reducing fuel consumption. Simulation results show that under the 6*FTP75 cycle, the energy loss of A-LPF-ECMS is reduced by 10.89% (compared to the PID strategy) and the equivalent hydrogen consumption is reduced by 7.1%; under the 5*WLTC cycle, energy loss is reduced by 5.58% and equivalent hydrogen consumption is reduced by 3.18%. The research results indicate that A-LPF-ECMS performs excellently in suppressing fuel cell power fluctuations under idling conditions, significantly enhancing the operational efficiency of the fuel cell and showing high application value.

Funding source: This research was supported by the special task project fund of Project for Humanities and Social Sciences in Universities of Hubei Province (2024JDB07), the Hubei Provincial Department of Education (23Q177), the 2024 “Xiangjiang Policy Discussion” Key Project of the Xiangyang Federation of Social Sciences and the Xiangyang Cultural Xiangyang Research Association (WHXYZDKT202401), and the Hubei Key Laboratory of Power System Design and Test for Electrical Vehicle (ZDSYS202412).
Related subjects: Applications & Pathways
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/content/journal6125
2024-09-11
2024-11-23
/content/journal6125
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