Operation Optimization of Regional Integrated Energy Systems with Hydrogen by Considering Demand Response and Green Certificate–Carbon Emission Trading Mechanisms

Amidst the growing imperative to address carbon emissions, aiming to improve energy utilization efficiency, optimize equipment operation flexibility, and further reduce costs and carbon emissions of regional integrated energy systems (RIESs), this paper proposes a low-carbon economic operation strategy for RIESs. Firstly, on the energy supply side, energy conversion devices are utilized to enhance multi-energy complementary capabilities. Then, an integrated demand response model is established on the demand side to smooth the load curve. Finally, consideration is given to the RIES’s participation in the green certificate–carbon trading market to reduce system carbon emissions. With the objective of minimizing the sum of system operating costs and green certificate–carbon trading costs, an integrated energy system optimization model that considers electricity, gas, heat, and cold coupling is established, and the CPLEX solver toolbox is used for model solving. The results show that the coordinated optimization of supply and demand sides of regional integrated energy systems while considering multi-energy coupling and complementarity effectively reduces carbon emissions while further enhancing the economic efficiency of system operations.