The Effect of Explosions on the Protective Wall of a Containerized Hydrogen Fuel Cell System

With the development of hydrogen energy, containerized hydrogen fuel cell systems are being used in distributed energy-supply systems. Hydrogen pipelines and electronic equipment of fuel cell containers can trigger hydrogen-explosion accidents. In the present study, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software was used to calculate the affected areas of hydrogen fuel cell container-explosion accidents with and without protective walls. The protective effects were studied for protective walls at various distances and heights. The results show that strategically placing protective walls can effectively block the propagation of shock waves and flames. However, the protective wall has a limited effect on the reduction of overpressure and temperature behind the wall when the protective wall is insufficiently high. Reflected explosion shock waves and flames will cause damage to the area inside the wall when the protective wall is too close to the container. In this study, a protective wall that is 5 m away from the container and 3 m high can effectively protect the area behind the wall and prevent damage to the container due to the reflection of shock waves and flame. This paper presents a suitable protective wall setting scheme for hydrogen fuel cell containers.