Saudi Arabia
A Review on Underground Hydrogen Storage: Insight into Geological Sites, Influencing Factors and Future Outlook
Dec 2021
Publication
Without remorse fossil fuels have made a huge contribution to global development in all of its forms. However the recent scientific outlooks are currently shifting as more research is targeted towards promoting a carbon-free economy in addition to the use of electric power from renewable sources. While renewable energy sources may be a solution to the anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from fossil fuel they are yet season-depende Read More
Renewable Energy Market Analysis: Africa and its Regions
Jan 2022
Publication
An energy system centred on renewable energy can help resolve many of Africa’s social economic health and environmental challenges. A profound energy transition is not only feasible it is essential for a climate-safe future in which sustainable development prerogatives are met. Renewables are key to overcoming energy poverty providing needed energy services without damaging human health or ecosystems and enabling a transformation of e Read More
Earth-Abundant Electrocatalysts for Water Splitting: Current and Future Directions
Mar 2021
Publication
Of all the available resources given to mankind the sunlight is perhaps the most abundant renewable energy resource providing more than enough energy on earth to satisfy all the needs of humanity for several hundred years. Therefore it is transient and sporadic that poses issues with how the energy can be harvested and processed when the sun does not shine. Scientists assume that electro/photoelectrochemical devices used for water splitting into h Read More
A Critical Review of Renewable Hydrogen Production Methods: Factors Affecting Their Scale-Up and Its Role in Future Energy Generation
Feb 2022
Publication
An increase in human activities and population growth have significantly increased the world’s energy demands. The major source of energy for the world today is from fossil fuels which are polluting and degrading the environment due to the emission of greenhouse gases. Hydrogen is an identified efficient energy carrier and can be obtained through renewable and non-renewable sources. An overview of renewable sources of hydrogen production w Read More
TM-doped Mg12O12 Nano-cages for Hydrogen Storage Applications: Theoretical Study
Feb 2022
Publication
DFT calculations at B3LYP/6-31g(dp) with the D3 version of Grimme’s dispersion are performed to investigate the application of TM-encapsulated Mg12O12 nano-cages (TM= Mn Fe and Co) as a hydrogen storage material. The molecular dynamic (MD) calculations are utilized to examine the stability of the considered structures. TD-DFT method reveals that the TM-encapsulation converts the Mg12O12 from an ultraviolet into a visible optical active m Read More
Influence of Pressure, Temperature and Organic Surface Concentration on Hydrogen Wettability of Caprock; Implications for Hydrogen Geo-storage
Sep 2021
Publication
Hydrogen (H2) as a cleaner fuel has been suggested as a viable method of achieving the decarbonization objectives and meeting increasing global energy demand. However successful implementation of a full-scale hydrogen economy requires large-scale hydrogen storage (as hydrogen is highly compressible). A potential solution to this challenge is injecting hydrogen into geologic formations from where it can be withdrawn again at later stages for utilizat Read More
Hydrogen Storage in Depleted Gas Reservoirs: A Comprehensive Review
Nov 2022
Publication
Hydrogen future depends on large-scale storage which can be provided by geological formations (such as caverns aquifers and depleted oil and gas reservoirs) to handle demand and supply changes a typical hysteresis of most renewable energy sources. Amongst them depleted natural gas reservoirs are the most cost-effective and secure solutions due to their wide geographic distribution proven surface facilities and less ambiguous site evaluation. Read More
Energy Management System for Hybrid PV/Wind/Battery/Fuel Cell in Microgrid-Based Hydrogen and Economical Hybrid Battery/Super Capacitor Energy Storage
Sep 2021
Publication
The present work addresses the modelling control and simulation of a microgrid integrated wind power system with Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) using a hybrid energy storage system. In order to improve the quality of the waveforms (voltages and currents) supplied to the grid instead of a two level-inverter the rotor of the DFIG is supplied using a three-level inverter. A new adaptive algorithm based on combined Direct Reactive Power Control ( Read More
A Process for Hydrogen Production from the Catalytic Decomposition of Formic Acid over Iridium—Palladium Nanoparticles
Jun 2021
Publication
The present study investigates a process for the selective production of hydrogen from the catalytic decomposition of formic acid in the presence of iridium and iridium–palladium nanoparticles under various conditions. It was found that a loading of 1 wt.% of 2% palladium in the presence of 1% iridium over activated charcoal led to a 43% conversion of formic acid to hydrogen at room temperature after 4 h. Increasing the temperature to 60 °C led to Read More
Optimal Scheduling of Multi-energy Type Virtual Energy Storage System in Reconfigurable Distribution Networks for Congestion Management
Jan 2023
Publication
The virtual energy storage system (VESS) is one of the emerging novel concepts among current energy storage systems (ESSs) due to the high effectiveness and reliability. In fact VESS could store surplus energy and inject the energy during the shortages at high power with larger capacities compared to the conventional ESSs in smart grids. This study investigates the optimal operation of a multi-carrier VESS including batteries thermal energy storage ( Read More
How Do Dissolved Gases Affect the Sonochemical Process of Hydrogen Production: An Overview of Thermodynamic and Mechanistic Effects – On the “Hot Spot Theory”
Dec 2020
Publication
Although most of researchers agree on the elementary reactions behind the sonolytic formation of molecular hydrogen (H2) from water namely the radical attack of H2O and H2O2 and the free radicals recombination several recent papers ignore the intervention of the dissolved gas molecules in the kinetic pathways of free radicals and hence may wrongly assess the effect of dissolved gases on the sonochemical production of hydrogen. One may fairl Read More
High Purity, Self-sustained, Pressurized Hydrogen Production from Ammonia in a Catalytic Membrane Reactor
Dec 2021
Publication
The combination of catalytic decomposition of ammonia and in situ separation of hydrogen holds great promise for the use of ammonia as a clean energy carrier. However finding the optimal catalyst – membrane pair and operation conditions have proved challenging. Here we demonstrate that cobalt-based catalysts for ammonia decomposition can be efficiently 2 used together with a Pd-Au based membrane to produce high purity hydrogen at elevat Read More
Ranking Locations for Hydrogen Production Using Hybrid Wind-Solar: A Case Study
Apr 2021
Publication
Observing the growing energy demand of modern societies many countries have recognized energy security as a looming problem and renewable energies as a solution to this issue. Renewable hydrogen production is an excellent method for the storage and transfer of energy generated by intermittent renewable sources such as wind and solar so that they can be used at a place and time of our choosing. In this study the suitability of 15 cities in F Read More
Hydrogen Double Compression-expansion Engine (H2DCEE): A Sustainable Internal Combustion Engine with 60%+ Brake Thermal Efficiency Potential at 45 Bar BMEP
May 2022
Publication
Hydrogen (H2) internal combustion engines may represent cost-effective and quick solution to the issue of the road transport decarbonization. A major factor limiting their competitiveness relative to fuel cells (FC) is the lower efficiency. The present work aims to demonstrate the feasibility of a H2 engine with FC-like 60%+ brake thermal efficiency (BTE) levels using a double compression-expansion engine (DCEE) concept combined with a high pressure direct inj Read More
A Direct Synthesis of Platinum/Nickel Co-catalysts on Titanium Dioxide Nanotube Surface from Hydrometallurgical-type Process Streams
Aug 2018
Publication
Solutions that simulate hydrometallurgical base metal process streams with high nickel (Ni) and minor platinum (Pt) concentrations were used to create Pt/Ni nanoparticles on TiO2 nanotube surfaces. For this electrochemical deposition – redox replacement (EDRR) was used that also allowed to control the nanoparticle size density and Pt/Ni content of the deposited nanoparticles. The Pt/Ni nanoparticle decorated titanium dioxide nanotubes (TiO2 nan Read More
Hydrogen Diffusion in Coal: Implications for Hydrogen Geo-storage
Oct 2021
Publication
Hypothesis: Hydrogen geo-storage is considered as an option for large scale hydrogen storage in a full-scale hydrogen economy. Among different types of subsurface formations coal seams look to be one of the best suitable options as coal’s micro/nano pore structure can adsorb a huge amount of gas (e.g. hydrogen) which can be withdrawn again once needed. However literature lacks fundamental data regarding H2 diffusion in coal. Experiments: In Read More
A Developed Plasmatron Design to Enhance Production of Hydrogen in Synthesis Gas Produced by a Fuel Reformer System
Jan 2022
Publication
Feeding IC engines with hydrogen‐rich syngas as an admixture to hydrocarbon fuels can decrease pollutant emissions particularly NOx. It offers a potential technique for low‐environmen‐ tal impact hydrocarbon fuel use in automotive applications. However hydrogen‐rich reformate gas (syngas) production via fuel reforming still needs more research and optimization. In this paper we describe the effect of a plasma torch assembly design on syngas yield Read More
Recent Advances in Biomass Pretreatment Technologies for Biohydrogen Production
Jan 2022
Publication
Hydrogen is an economical source of clean energy that has been utilized by industry for decades. In recent years demand for hydrogen has risen significantly. Hydrogen sources include water electrolysis hydrocarbon steam reforming and fossil fuels which emit hazardous greenhouse gases and therefore have a negative impact on global warming. The increasing worldwide population has created much pressure on natural fuels with a gro Read More
Clean Hydrogen Production by Ultrasound (Sonochemistry): The Effect of Noble Gases
Feb 2022
Publication
Power ultrasonic (> 100 kHz) splits water into free radicals and hydrogen. As a result water sonochemistry is considered as an alternative clean and fossil-fuel-free hydrogen production technique. In this research work the impact of rare gases (Xe Ar and He) on the sonochemical production of hydrogen as well as the population of active bubbles has been investigated computationally for various sonicated frequencies (213-515 kHz) and intensities (1-2 W/c Read More
Review of Solid State Hydrogen Storage Methods Adopting Different Kinds of Novel Materials
Aug 2015
Publication
Overview of advances in the technology of solid state hydrogen storage methods applying different kinds of novel materials is provided. Metallic and intermetallic hydrides complex chemical hydride nanostructured carbon materials metal-doped carbon nanotubes metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) metal-doped metal organic frameworks covalent organic frameworks (COFs) and clathrates solid state hydrogen storage techniques are discussed. The Read More
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