Austria
Market Dynamics and Power Risks in Green Technology Materials: Platinum under the EU 2030 Hydrogen Target
Jan 2025
Publication
The central role of hydrogen in the EU’s decarbonization strategy has increased the importance of critical raw materials. To address this the EU has taken legislative steps including the 2023 Critical Raw Materials Act (CRMA) to ensure a stable supply. Using a leader–follower Stackelberg game framework this study analyzes CRM market dynamics integrating CRMA compliance through rules on sourcing and stockpiling value chain resilience via the inclusi Read More
Hydrogen-induced Calcite Dissolution in Amaltheenton Formation Claystones: Implications for Underground Hydrogen Storage Caprock Integrity
Aug 2022
Publication
With the rising potential of underground hydrogen storage (UHS) in depleted oil and gas reservoirs or deep saline aquifers questions remain regarding changes to geological units due to interaction with injected hydrogen. Of particular importance is the integrity of potential caprocks/seals with respect to UHS. The results of this study show significant dissolution of calcite fossil fragments in claystone caprock proxies that were treated with a combination o Read More
Agrivoltaics, Opportunities for Hydrogen Generation, and Market Developments
Feb 2025
Publication
To achieve deep decarbonization renewable energy generation must be substantially increased. The technologies with the lowest levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) are land-based photovoltaics (PVs) and wind energy. Agri-PVs offer the potential for dual land use combining energy generation with agricultural activities. However the costs of agri-PVs are higher than those of ground-mounted PV. To enhance the competitiveness of agri-PV we investigate t Read More
Competitiveness of Green and Yellow Hydrogen: A Project-level Analysis
Feb 2025
Publication
With the growing global focus on hydrogen as a key solution for achieving decarbonization understanding the most cost-effective and environmentally sustainable production methods is crucial. The objective of this study is to evaluate the economic and environmental performance of different renewable energy sources for hydrogen production while also considering the impact of geographic location system sizing and technological efficiency. This s Read More
How to Size Regional Electrolysis Systems - Simple Guidelines for Deploying Grid-supporting Electrolysis in Regions with Renewable Energy Generation
Nov 2023
Publication
Our energy system is facing major challenges in the course of the unavoidable shift from fossil fuels to fluctuating renewable energy sources. Regional hydrogen production by electrolysis utilizing regional available excess energy can support the expansion of renewable energy by converting surplus energy into hydrogen and sup plying it to the end energy sectors as a secondary energy carrier or process media. We developed a methodology which all Read More
Experiments on Maximizing Hydrogen Utilization and Efficiency in a PEM Fuel Cell System
Feb 2025
Publication
Maximizing hydrogen utilization is crucial for improving the efficiency of proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell systems. Ideally all supplied hydrogen reacts within the fuel cell. However nitrogen and water backdiffusion necessitate periodic purging of the anode recirculation path. Excessive purging leads to hydrogen losses while insufficient purging increases side reactions lowering fuel cell voltage and directly reducing effi ciency. This study investigate Read More
A Review on Applicability, Limitations, and Improvements of Polymeric Materials in High-Pressure Hydrogen Gas Atmospheres
Feb 2021
Publication
Typically polymeric materials experience material degradation anddamage over time in harsh environments. Improved understandingof the physical and chemical processes associated with possibledamage modes intended in high-pressure hydrogen gas exposedatmospheres will help to select and develop materials well suited forapplications fulfilling future energy demands in hydrogen as anenergy carrier. In high-pressure hydrogen gas exposure co Read More
Strategies to Increase Hydrogen Energy Share of a Dual-Fuel Hydrogen–Kerosene Engine for Sustainable General Aviation
Mar 2025
Publication
Reducing CO2 emissions in general aviation is a critical challenge where battery electric and fuel cell technologies face limitations in energy density cost and robustness. As a result hydrogen (H2) dual-fuel combustion is a promising alternative but its practical implementation is constrained by abnormal combustion phenomena such as knocking and pre-ignition which limit the achievable H2 energy share. In response to these challenges this paper focuses on s Read More
Influence of Engine Oils on Pre-Ignition Tendency in a Hydrogen–Kerosene Dual-Fuel Engine
Mar 2025
Publication
Reducing CO2 emissions is an increasingly important goal in general aviation. The dual-fuel hydrogen–kerosene combustion process has proven to be a suitable technology for use in small aircraft. This robust and reliable technology significantly reduces CO2 emissions due to the carbon-free combustion of hydrogen during operation while pure kerosene or sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) can be used in safety-critical situations or in the event of fuel sup Read More
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